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	<channel>
		<title>Conservation news</title>
		<atom:link href="https://news.mongabay.com/feed/?topic=eutrophication&#038;type=post" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
		<link>https://news.mongabay.com/list/eutrophication/</link>
		<description>Environmental science and conservation news</description>
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	<url>https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2020/05/16160320/cropped-mongabay_icon-32x32.png</url>
	<title>News on Eutrophication</title>
	<link>https://news.mongabay.com/list/eutrophication/</link>
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				<item>
					<title>Nitrogen: The environmental crisis you haven’t heard of yet</title>
					<link>https://news.mongabay.com/2021/09/nitrogen-the-environmental-crisis-you-havent-heard-of-yet/</link>
					<comments>https://news.mongabay.com/2021/09/nitrogen-the-environmental-crisis-you-havent-heard-of-yet/#respond</comments>
					<pubDate>22 Sep 2021 14:14:40 +0000</pubDate>
											<dc:creator>
							<![CDATA[Ashoka Mukpo]]>
						</dc:creator>
										<author>
						<![CDATA[Glenn Scherer]]>
					</author>
							<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
										<enclosure url="https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2021/09/22102702/banner-nitrogen-phosphorus-tractor-2-768x512.jpg" type="image/jpeg" />
					<guid isPermaLink="false">https://news.mongabay.com/?p=247360</guid>

											<reporting-project>
							<![CDATA[Covering the Commons and Planetary Boundaries]]>
						</reporting-project>
					
											<locations>
							<![CDATA[Africa, East Asia, Europe, Global, Guatemala, Latin America, North America, South America, and United States]]>
						</locations>
					
											<topic-tags>
							<![CDATA[agribusiness, Agriculture, algae, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Science, Conservation, Dead Zone, Ecosystems, Environment, Extreme Weather, Farming, Fertilizers, Food, Freshwater, Global Environmental Crisis, Global Warming, Green, Impact Of Climate Change, Industrial Agriculture, Lakes, Nitrogen Cycle, Nutrient Pollution, Oceans, Pollution, Water, and Water Pollution]]>
						</topic-tags>
					
					
											<description>
							<![CDATA[Industrial agriculture feeds billions of people and created the modern world. But the nitrogen and phosphorus it’s fertilized with is putting the biosphere, and humanity, at risk.]]>
						</description>
																					<content:encoded>
							<![CDATA[On an average sunny day, Guatemala’s Lake Atitlán is a stunning vista of turquoise water and sky. Ringed by towering volcanos, the lake is a UNESCO World Heritage site; below its waves lie sunken ruins that were once used for worship and ceremony by the Mayan communities that have thrived here for thousands of years. But one morning in 2009, people living in those communities woke up to a shock. Vast swaths of the lake were sickly green. A film of foul-smelling scum was drifting on its surface, washing ashore, and swirling in the coves where people bathe and catch fish. Atitlán had been overrun by cyanobacteria, or as it’s more commonly known, blue-green algae. The outbreak was massive, covering 40% of the lake’s surface; big enough to be seen from space. It was the first time a blue-green algae outbreak that size had been recorded at the lake, but it wouldn’t be the last. In 2015, another extensive bloom chased away tourists, a vital part of the local economy, and now, algal blooms are a semiconstant health threat for the lake’s Indigenous residents. The surface of Guatemala’s Lake Atitlán is normally a sweeping, fluorescent blue vista. The lake is a vital part of the local economy and the Indigenous residents also depend on it for water. Image by Murray Foubister via Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 2.0). The explanation for the algal growth explosion at Atitlán, an affliction now shared by many of Earth’s freshwater lakes, is inseparable from the&hellip;This article was originally published on <a href="https://news.mongabay.com/2021/09/nitrogen-the-environmental-crisis-you-havent-heard-of-yet/" data-wpel-link="internal">Mongabay</a>]]>
						</content:encoded>
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					<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
										<doi>https://doi.org/10.66709/news-247360</doi>				</item>
						<item>
					<title>Climate change isn’t fueling algal blooms the way we think, study shows</title>
					<link>https://news.mongabay.com/2021/06/climate-change-isnt-fueling-algal-blooms-the-way-we-think-study-shows/</link>
					<comments>https://news.mongabay.com/2021/06/climate-change-isnt-fueling-algal-blooms-the-way-we-think-study-shows/#respond</comments>
					<pubDate>15 Jun 2021 14:26:42 +0000</pubDate>
											<dc:creator>
							<![CDATA[Elizabeth Claire Alberts]]>
						</dc:creator>
										<author>
						<![CDATA[Elizabethalberts]]>
					</author>
							<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
										<enclosure url="https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2021/06/15142207/1280px-Red_tide%EF%BC%BF2017-768x512.jpg" type="image/jpeg" />
					<guid isPermaLink="false">https://news.mongabay.com/?p=243706</guid>

					
											<locations>
							<![CDATA[Arctic Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, Mediterranean Sea, Pacific Ocean, and Southern Ocean]]>
						</locations>
					
											<topic-tags>
							<![CDATA[algae, Animals, Biodiversity, Climate Change, data, Ecosystems, Environment, Eutrophication, Global Environmental Crisis, Marine, Marine Animals, Marine Conservation, Nutrient Pollution, Oceans, Research, Science, and Toxicology]]>
						</topic-tags>
					
					
											<description>
							<![CDATA[It started in October 2017. A swarm of microscopic algae called Karenia brevis amassed in the waters off Florida’s southwest coast, turning the ocean a rust-red hue. The algae, which are toxic to most marine life as well as humans, transformed Florida’s sea into a watery graveyard as the bodies of fish, manatees, dolphins and [&#8230;]]]>
						</description>
																					<content:encoded>
							<![CDATA[It started in October 2017. A swarm of microscopic algae called Karenia brevis amassed in the waters off Florida’s southwest coast, turning the ocean a rust-red hue. The algae, which are toxic to most marine life as well as humans, transformed Florida’s sea into a watery graveyard as the bodies of fish, manatees, dolphins and turtles washed ashore. The K. brevis didn’t recede until the winter of 2018 and 2019, prompting experts to deem the event, known as a “red tide,” as Florida’s worst in more than a decade. This red tide was one of thousands of harmful algal blooms (HABs) that occurred in the world’s oceans in the past 35 years. HABs tend to be an issue of concern because of the way they kill off marine life, contaminate seafood, and wreak havoc on local economies. While some HABs are known to occur naturally, others are thought to be triggered by an overabundance of nutrients spilling into the ocean from farms and residential land. Some experts also say that climate change is, and will continue, to make algal blooms even worse. But according to the authors of a new study published in Nature Communications Earth and Environment, there are no global trends that would suggest that climate change is having a uniform impact on HABs throughout the world. “If we could have said that there is a clear global trend and it&#8217;s increasing everywhere, that would have been a real easy one to communicate,” study co-author Henrik Enevoldsen of&hellip;This article was originally published on <a href="https://news.mongabay.com/2021/06/climate-change-isnt-fueling-algal-blooms-the-way-we-think-study-shows/" data-wpel-link="internal">Mongabay</a>]]>
						</content:encoded>
										<wfw:commentRss>https://news.mongabay.com/2021/06/climate-change-isnt-fueling-algal-blooms-the-way-we-think-study-shows/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
					<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
										<doi>https://doi.org/10.66709/news-243706</doi>				</item>
						<item>
					<title>Ocean deoxygenation could be silently killing coral reefs, scientists say</title>
					<link>https://news.mongabay.com/2020/04/ocean-deoxygenation-could-be-silently-killing-coral-reefs-scientists-say/</link>
					<comments>https://news.mongabay.com/2020/04/ocean-deoxygenation-could-be-silently-killing-coral-reefs-scientists-say/#respond</comments>
					<pubDate>17 Apr 2020 05:37:56 +0000</pubDate>
											<dc:creator>
							<![CDATA[Elizabeth Claire Alberts]]>
						</dc:creator>
										<author>
						<![CDATA[Elizabethalberts]]>
					</author>
							<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
										<enclosure url="https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2020/04/17053514/1-Photo-by-EmilyDarling-WCS-768x512.jpg" type="image/jpeg" />
					<guid isPermaLink="false">https://news.mongabay.com/?p=229118</guid>

					
											<locations>
							<![CDATA[Australia]]>
						</locations>
					
											<topic-tags>
							<![CDATA[Climate Change, Conservation, Coral Bleaching, Coral Reefs, Global Environmental Crisis, Hypoxia, Marine Conservation, Ocean Acidification, Ocean Warming, and Oceans]]>
						</topic-tags>
					
					
											<description>
							<![CDATA[In March, Australia’s Great Barrier Reef suffered its most widespread bleaching event to date. Sixty percent of the reef underwent moderate to severe bleaching, and some corals may never recover. The cause of this bleaching event was climate change, which brought unusually warm waters to the Great Barrier Reef in February, and disrupted the delicate, [&#8230;]]]>
						</description>
																					<content:encoded>
							<![CDATA[In March, Australia’s Great Barrier Reef suffered its most widespread bleaching event to date. Sixty percent of the reef underwent moderate to severe bleaching, and some corals may never recover. The cause of this bleaching event was climate change, which brought unusually warm waters to the Great Barrier Reef in February, and disrupted the delicate, symbiotic relationship between the corals and their life-sustaining algae. In general, when sea temperatures rise, corals become stressed and expel algae from their tissues. Without this algae, the corals turn ghostly white and slowly starve. An Acropora coral reef in Chuuk, Micronesia. Image by David Burdick, NOAA. But there’s another big threat to coral reef systems, one that could be more serious than sea temperature rise and acidification. According to David Hughes, lead author of a new study published in Nature Climate Change, corals and other organisms living on the Great Barrier Reef could also be suffering from deoxygenation, and this could greatly impede the reef’s recovery. “We know that the stresses of warming and the deoxygenation are likely to interact with each other,” Hughes, a research associate at the University of Technology Sydney’s Climate Change Cluster, told Mongabay. He explained that as water warms, corals and other organisms need more oxygen to breathe. But warm water holds less oxygen than cold water. As corals and other organisms struggle to get the oxygen they need, they consume more oxygen in the process. Scientists assess coral mortality on Zenith Reef following the bleaching event, Northern Great&hellip;This article was originally published on <a href="https://news.mongabay.com/2020/04/ocean-deoxygenation-could-be-silently-killing-coral-reefs-scientists-say/" data-wpel-link="internal">Mongabay</a>]]>
						</content:encoded>
										<wfw:commentRss>https://news.mongabay.com/2020/04/ocean-deoxygenation-could-be-silently-killing-coral-reefs-scientists-say/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
					<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
										<doi>https://doi.org/10.66709/news-229118</doi>				</item>
						<item>
					<title>Global warming, pollution supersize the oceans’ oxygen-depleted dead zones</title>
					<link>https://news.mongabay.com/2018/01/global-warming-pollution-supersize-the-oceans-oxygen-depleted-dead-zones/</link>
					<comments>https://news.mongabay.com/2018/01/global-warming-pollution-supersize-the-oceans-oxygen-depleted-dead-zones/#respond</comments>
					<pubDate>09 Jan 2018 01:11:34 +0000</pubDate>
											<dc:creator>
							<![CDATA[Basten Gokkon]]>
						</dc:creator>
										<author>
						<![CDATA[Basten Gokkon]]>
					</author>
							<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
										<enclosure url="https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2018/01/08044010/theoceanislo-768x512.jpg" type="image/jpeg" />
					<guid isPermaLink="false">https://news.mongabay.com/?p=202729</guid>

					
											<locations>
							<![CDATA[Africa, Asia, Australia, Central America, Europe, North America, and South America]]>
						</locations>
					
											<topic-tags>
							<![CDATA[Biodiversity, Climate Change, Conservation, Dead Zone, Ecosystems, Environment, Global Environmental Crisis, Global Warming, Marine, Marine Conservation, Nutrient Pollution, Ocean Warming, Oceans, Pollution, Research, and Water Pollution]]>
						</topic-tags>
					
					
											<description>
							<![CDATA[Vast swaths of the world’s oceans are turning into “dead zones” as global warming and pollution strips them of oxygen, threatening marine life on a massive scale, a new study shows. The analysis, which reviews the major research on ocean oxygen loss, is the first to investigate the causes, consequences and solutions to low oxygen [&#8230;]]]>
						</description>
																					<content:encoded>
							<![CDATA[Vast swaths of the world’s oceans are turning into “dead zones” as global warming and pollution strips them of oxygen, threatening marine life on a massive scale, a new study shows. The analysis, which reviews the major research on ocean oxygen loss, is the first to investigate the causes, consequences and solutions to low oxygen concentrations in the open oceans and coastal waters. Over the past 50 years, zones in the open ocean with zero oxygen have more than quadrupled, or increased by over 4.5 million square kilometers (1.7 million square miles) — an area roughly the size of the European Union — according to the study published Jan. 2 in the journal Science. It added that in coastal water bodies, including estuaries and seas, the number of low-oxygen sites have soared about tenfold from fewer than 50 in 1950. In ocean waters, oxygen levels are also falling, with 77 billion tons being lost since 1950. This map indicates coastal sites where anthropogenic nutrients have exacerbated or caused water oxygen concentrations to decline to less than 2 milligrams per liter (red dots), as well as ocean oxygen-minimum zones at depths of 300 meters, or  980 feet (blue regions). Map created from data provided by Robert Diaz, updated by members of the GO2NE network, and downloaded from the World Ocean Atlas 2009. The analysis indicated that deoxygenation in the open ocean was caused by global warming as a result of increased greenhouse gas emissions, as warmer water holds less oxygen. In&hellip;This article was originally published on <a href="https://news.mongabay.com/2018/01/global-warming-pollution-supersize-the-oceans-oxygen-depleted-dead-zones/" data-wpel-link="internal">Mongabay</a>]]>
						</content:encoded>
										<wfw:commentRss>https://news.mongabay.com/2018/01/global-warming-pollution-supersize-the-oceans-oxygen-depleted-dead-zones/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
					<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
										<doi>https://doi.org/10.66709/news-202729</doi>				</item>
						<item>
					<title>NOAA announces largest-ever Gulf of Mexico &#8216;dead zone&#8217;</title>
					<link>https://news.mongabay.com/2017/08/noaa-announces-largest-ever-gulf-of-mexico-dead-zone/</link>
					<comments>https://news.mongabay.com/2017/08/noaa-announces-largest-ever-gulf-of-mexico-dead-zone/#respond</comments>
					<pubDate>07 Aug 2017 17:12:41 +0000</pubDate>
											<dc:creator>
							<![CDATA[Morgan Erickson-Davis]]>
						</dc:creator>
										<author>
						<![CDATA[Morgan Erickson-Davis]]>
					</author>
							<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
										<enclosure url="https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2017/08/07171116/PHOTO-2015-Hypoxia-Cruise-Hypoxia-Water-Samplings-06082016-LUMCON-1120x534-landscape-768x512.jpg" type="image/jpeg" />
					<guid isPermaLink="false">https://news.mongabay.com/?p=198117</guid>

					
											<locations>
							<![CDATA[North America and United States]]>
						</locations>
					
											<topic-tags>
							<![CDATA[Agriculture, Biofuels, Cattle, Corn, Dead Zone, Energy, Environment, Ethanol, Grasslands, Hypoxia, Industrial Agriculture, Livestock, Meat, Nutrient Pollution, Oceans, Pollution, Research, and Soy]]>
						</topic-tags>
					
					
											<description>
							<![CDATA[Last week, scientists from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) announced the largest-ever recorded low-oxygen &#8220;dead zone&#8221; in the Gulf of Mexico. At 22,730 square kilometers (8,776 square miles) the area is the size of the U.S. state of New Jersey. The dead zone is primarily the result of nutrient pollution that stimulates massive [&#8230;]]]>
						</description>
																					<content:encoded>
							<![CDATA[Last week, scientists from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) announced the largest-ever recorded low-oxygen &#8220;dead zone&#8221; in the Gulf of Mexico. At 22,730 square kilometers (8,776 square miles) the area is the size of the U.S. state of New Jersey. The dead zone is primarily the result of nutrient pollution that stimulates massive blooms of algae. When this algae decomposes, oxygen levels drop below levels needed by many Gulf species to survive or develop normally; scientists refer to low-oxygen conditions as hypoxia. &#8220;The dead zone adversely affects organisms in a number of ways,&#8221; said Robert Magnien, director of NOAA&#8217;s Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research. &#8220;It reduces available habitat for fish and shrimp and reduces their food supply. Exposure to hypoxia can also directly reduce growth and reproduction.&#8221; At 22,730 square kilometers (8,776 square miles), this year&#8217;s dead zone in the Gulf of Mexico is the largest ever measured. Image courtesy of N. Rabalais, LSU/LUMCON. This can have knock-on effects for local economies if hypoxia kills off or changes commercially important populations. &#8220;The fear is that if the size of the dead zone remains at its current level or increases in the future, there will likely be further reductions in the abundance of key commercial and recreational species,&#8221; Magnien told Mongabay. A study by Duke University found shrimp grow more slowly in the dead zone. This led to a deficit in large shrimp, lower prices for small ones and consequential economic changes to the Gulf brown shrimp fishery.&hellip;This article was originally published on <a href="https://news.mongabay.com/2017/08/noaa-announces-largest-ever-gulf-of-mexico-dead-zone/" data-wpel-link="internal">Mongabay</a>]]>
						</content:encoded>
										<wfw:commentRss>https://news.mongabay.com/2017/08/noaa-announces-largest-ever-gulf-of-mexico-dead-zone/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
					<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
										<doi>https://doi.org/10.66709/news-198117</doi>				</item>
						<item>
					<title>How citizen science is transforming river management in Malaysian Borneo (commentary)</title>
					<link>https://news.mongabay.com/2016/11/how-citizen-science-is-transforming-river-management-in-borneo/</link>
					<comments>https://news.mongabay.com/2016/11/how-citizen-science-is-transforming-river-management-in-borneo/#respond</comments>
					<pubDate>29 Nov 2016 01:16:35 +0000</pubDate>
											<dc:creator>
							<![CDATA[Ken Wilson]]>
						</dc:creator>
										<author>
						<![CDATA[Rhett Butler]]>
					</author>
															<enclosure url="https://imgs.mongabay.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2016/11/28184051/sabah_aerial_3048-768x512.jpg" type="image/jpeg" />
					<guid isPermaLink="false">https://news.mongabay.com/?p=191273</guid>

					
											<locations>
							<![CDATA[Asia, Borneo, Malaysia, Sabah, and Southeast Asia]]>
						</locations>
					
											<topic-tags>
							<![CDATA[Citizen Science, Commentary, Conservation Technology, Eutrophication, Palm Oil, Plantations, Rivers, Technology, Water, Water Pollution, and Wildtech]]>
						</topic-tags>
					
					
											<description>
							<![CDATA[For thousands of years Sabah’s magnificent 560-kilometer-long (about 348-mile-long) Kinabatangan River has wound its way down from the hills of Borneo’s northern interior through some of the planet’s richest lowland rainforests before flowing into the Coral Triangle through a massive and teeming delta of mangroves, peat swamp forest, and nipah palm. Over the centuries, the [&#8230;]]]>
						</description>
																					<content:encoded>
							<![CDATA[For thousands of years Sabah’s magnificent 560-kilometer-long (about 348-mile-long) Kinabatangan River has wound its way down from the hills of Borneo’s northern interior through some of the planet’s richest lowland rainforests before flowing into the Coral Triangle through a massive and teeming delta of mangroves, peat swamp forest, and nipah palm. Over the centuries, the richness of this delta attracted skilled fishermen from the Orang Sungai, Suluk, and other indigenous groups to make their fine stilted villages on the shifting boundaries between land, river, and sea, trading with the interior and across the Sulu Sea. Some 2,500 of their descendants now live in the 78,000 hectares (about 193,000 acres) of the Lower Kinabatangan and Segama Wetlands (LKSW) in the river delta, which became, in 2008, Malaysia’s biggest Ramsar site. How can it be that regular mass fish deaths occur in such a well-managed protected area and nothing gets done to stop it? Two conferences in early November 2016 in Sabah, Malaysian Borneo, revealed powerful stories around why these fish deaths are happening and how – in the absence of other solutions – the villagers themselves are finding ways forward. Crises in ecosystems unfold over time. In the late twentieth century, events up-river brought massive change in the Kinabatangan’s 16,800-square-kilometer (6,487-square-mile) catchment (which is almost a quarter of Sabah). The expansion of roads, bridges, and logging in the 1960s was followed from the 1980s by massive growth of flood plain oil palm estates. Meanwhile, parts of the delta mangroves were clear-felled&hellip;This article was originally published on <a href="https://news.mongabay.com/2016/11/how-citizen-science-is-transforming-river-management-in-borneo/" data-wpel-link="internal">Mongabay</a>]]>
						</content:encoded>
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					<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
										<doi>https://doi.org/10.66709/news-191273</doi>				</item>
						<item>
					<title>Planting meadows in the ocean: technique may help restore disappearing seagrass beds</title>
					<link>https://news.mongabay.com/2014/08/planting-meadows-in-the-ocean-technique-may-help-restore-disappearing-seagrass-beds/</link>
					<comments>https://news.mongabay.com/2014/08/planting-meadows-in-the-ocean-technique-may-help-restore-disappearing-seagrass-beds/#respond</comments>
					<pubDate>11 Aug 2014 17:14:00 +0000</pubDate>
											<dc:creator>
							<![CDATA[Anna Ikarashi]]>
						</dc:creator>
										<author>
						<![CDATA[Morgan Erickson-Davis]]>
					</author>
															<enclosure url="" type="image/jpeg" />
					<guid isPermaLink="false">http://news.mongabaydev.co.uk/2014/08/planting-meadows-in-the-ocean-technique-may-help-restore-disappearing-seagrass-beds/</guid>

					
											<locations>
							<![CDATA[North America and United States]]>
						</locations>
					
											<topic-tags>
							<![CDATA[Adaptation, Climate Change, Ecosystem Services, Environment, Eutrophication, Genetics, Global Warming, Green, Impact Of Climate Change, Oceans, Plants, Seagrass, and Seed Dispersal]]>
						</topic-tags>
					
					
											<description>
							<![CDATA[BuDS method disperses eelgrass seeds, maintains genetic diversity Seagrass meadows form important parts of many ocean ecosystems, but is disappearing due to human impacts. However, a study published recently in PLOS ONE found eelgrass beds could benefit from a restoration technique using seed-filled pearl nets. The technique, called Buoy-Deployed Seeding (BuDS), uses pearl nets filled [&#8230;]]]>
						</description>
																					<content:encoded>
							<![CDATA[BuDS method disperses eelgrass seeds, maintains genetic diversity Seagrass meadows form important parts of many ocean ecosystems, but is disappearing due to human impacts. However, a study published recently in PLOS ONE found eelgrass beds could benefit from a restoration technique using seed-filled pearl nets. The technique, called Buoy-Deployed Seeding (BuDS), uses pearl nets filled with seed-containing “spathes,” which are much like peas in pea pods. The spathe-filled pearl nets are attached to a buoy anchored to the substrate so that the net sways with the tides. The seeds in the spathes develop naturally and drop to the floor as they ripen. This is closer to what happens in nature compared to other artificial seeding methods that broadcast mature seeds at once, according to Dr. Brian Ort, lead author of this study that was conducted at the Romberg Tiburon Center of San Francisco State University. Seagrass spathes (the part of the plant that contains its seeds) surrounded by netting that allow the seeds to fall to the seabed below. Photo by Jude Stalker. Eelgrass is a genus (Zostera) of a marine plant that has long, grass-like leaves, which grows in coastal waters and brackish ares around the world. It provides the foundation for entire ecosystems, just as corals do for a coral reef ecosystem, according to Ort. “Eelgrass provides physical structure and shelter for many other organisms,” he explained. “Fish, including commercially important species, use it to hide from predators or prey. Some, like herring, use it as a nursery&hellip;This article was originally published on <a href="https://news.mongabay.com/2014/08/planting-meadows-in-the-ocean-technique-may-help-restore-disappearing-seagrass-beds/" data-wpel-link="internal">Mongabay</a>]]>
						</content:encoded>
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					<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
										<doi>https://doi.org/10.66709/news-24829</doi>				</item>
						<item>
					<title>Does haze from burning forests affect marine life?</title>
					<link>https://news.mongabay.com/2014/03/does-haze-from-burning-forests-affect-marine-life/</link>
					<comments>https://news.mongabay.com/2014/03/does-haze-from-burning-forests-affect-marine-life/#respond</comments>
					<pubDate>10 Mar 2014 14:38:00 +0000</pubDate>
											<dc:creator>
							<![CDATA[Jeremy Hance]]>
						</dc:creator>
										<author>
						<![CDATA[Jeremy Hance]]>
					</author>
															<enclosure url="" type="image/jpeg" />
					<guid isPermaLink="false">http://news.mongabaydev.co.uk/2014/03/does-haze-from-burning-forests-affect-marine-life/</guid>

					
											<locations>
							<![CDATA[Indonesia and Southeast Asia]]>
						</locations>
					
											<topic-tags>
							<![CDATA[Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Coral Bleaching, Coral Reefs, Dead Zone, Deforestation, Ecosystems, Environment, Eutrophication, Fires, Forests, Green, Mangroves, Marine, Oceans, Pollution, Rainforest Destruction, Rainforests, Seagrass, and Tropical Forests]]>
						</topic-tags>
					
					
											<description>
							<![CDATA[Two scientists are calling on researchers, NGOs, and governments to begin studying the impact of burning forests and peatlands in Indonesia on the already-threatened marine ecosystems of Southeast Asia. Every year, Indonesian farmers set forests, vegetation, and peatlands alight to clear them for agriculture, often palm oil, and pulp and paper plantations. Not only do [&#8230;]]]>
						</description>
																					<content:encoded>
							<![CDATA[Two scientists are calling on researchers, NGOs, and governments to begin studying the impact of burning forests and peatlands in Indonesia on the already-threatened marine ecosystems of Southeast Asia. Every year, Indonesian farmers set forests, vegetation, and peatlands alight to clear them for agriculture, often palm oil, and pulp and paper plantations. Not only do these practices destroy hugely-diverse tropical forests, but the resulting haze spreads to many parts of Southeast Asia, threatening regional health and impacting economies. Now, a new paper argues that the sinister impacts of Indonesia&#8217;s burning may extend as far as the oceans. &#8220;Biomass burning in Indonesia has intensified in frequency and severity since the 1970s&#8230;In June 2013, regional air pollution indices reached record highs, with values deemed hazardous in Singapore, Indonesia and Malaysia, prompting some affected areas to declare states of emergency,&#8221; the researchers, Zeehan Jaafar with the National University of Singapore and Tse-Lynn Loh with the John G. Shedd Aquarium, write in a new opinion paper in Global Change Biology. Last year&#8217;s crisis lead to global press coverage, finger-pointing, and high level meetings between numerous governments in the region. But the problem remains: just last month NASA satellite recorded hundreds of hotspots, i.e. fires, on the Indonesian island of Sumatra. While the health, economic, and land-based environmental issues of this burning has been well-documented, the impact on marine ecosystems has been almost wholly ignored. This natural-color satellite image was collected by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer aboard the Terra satellite on Feb. 28, 2014.&hellip;This article was originally published on <a href="https://news.mongabay.com/2014/03/does-haze-from-burning-forests-affect-marine-life/" data-wpel-link="internal">Mongabay</a>]]>
						</content:encoded>
										<wfw:commentRss>https://news.mongabay.com/2014/03/does-haze-from-burning-forests-affect-marine-life/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
					<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
										<doi>https://doi.org/10.66709/news-25570</doi>				</item>
						<item>
					<title>Mesoamerican Reef needs more local support, says report</title>
					<link>https://news.mongabay.com/2013/09/mesoamerican-reef-needs-more-local-support-says-report/</link>
					<comments>https://news.mongabay.com/2013/09/mesoamerican-reef-needs-more-local-support-says-report/#respond</comments>
					<pubDate>13 Sep 2013 02:34:00 +0000</pubDate>
											<dc:creator>
							<![CDATA[Sue Palminteri (1965-2019)]]>
						</dc:creator>
										<author>
						<![CDATA[Rhett Butler]]>
					</author>
															<enclosure url="" type="image/jpeg" />
					<guid isPermaLink="false">http://news.mongabaydev.co.uk/2013/09/mesoamerican-reef-needs-more-local-support-says-report/</guid>

					
											<locations>
							<![CDATA[Belize, Caribbean, Central America, Honduras, and Mexico]]>
						</locations>
					
											<topic-tags>
							<![CDATA[Biodiversity, Climate Change, Coral Bleaching, Coral Reefs, Dead Zone, Environment, Fish, Green, Hypoxia, Impact Of Climate Change, Marine Conservation, Oceans, Overfishing, Pollution, Protected Areas, Sea Levels, Storms, and Water Pollution]]>
						</topic-tags>
					
					
											<description>
							<![CDATA[From massive hotel development through the agriculture industry, humans are destroying the second largest barrier reef in the world: the Mesoamerican Reef. Although global climate change and its effects on reefs via warming and acidification of coastal waters have made recent headlines, local human activities may destroy certain ecosystems before climate change has a chance [&#8230;]]]>
						</description>
																					<content:encoded>
							<![CDATA[From massive hotel development through the agriculture industry, humans are destroying the second largest barrier reef in the world: the Mesoamerican Reef. Although global climate change and its effects on reefs via warming and acidification of coastal waters have made recent headlines, local human activities may destroy certain ecosystems before climate change has a chance to do it. The harmful effects of mining, agriculture, commercial development, and fishing in coastal regions have already damaged more than two-thirds of reefs across the Caribbean, in addition to worsening the negative effects of climate change. A recent evaluation by the Healthy Reefs Initiative (HRI, www.healthyreefs.org) of the Mesoamerican Reef (MAR), which runs continuously for over 1,000 km, from north of Mexico&#8217;s Yucatan Peninsula south to Honduras, highlights the combination of locally-grown threats to this iconic ecosystem. Figure 1. The Mesoamerican Reef with 193 sites coded by their Simplified Integrated Reef Health Index (SIRHI) score. Orange and red sites have poor or critically poor reef health. Map from Healthy Reefs Initiative. Coral reefs: valuable yet complex systems Coral reefs are unique ecosystems, which provide human communities with a suite of irreplaceable benefits. They feed millions of people worldwide, buffer harbors and shorelines from storm waves, restock fisheries by sheltering juvenile fish, and attract snorkeling and SCUBA-diving tourists to coastal regions. They even supply much of the sand seen on the region&#8217;s beaches. In the Caribbean, reefs are also a key source of income: tourism is the major employer in the coastal zone around the&hellip;This article was originally published on <a href="https://news.mongabay.com/2013/09/mesoamerican-reef-needs-more-local-support-says-report/" data-wpel-link="internal">Mongabay</a>]]>
						</content:encoded>
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					<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
										<doi>https://doi.org/10.66709/news-26379</doi>				</item>
						<item>
					<title>Measuring nutrient pollution in pristine waters: Puerto Rico&#8217;s Vieques Island</title>
					<link>https://news.mongabay.com/2012/12/measuring-nutrient-pollution-in-pristine-waters-puerto-ricos-vieques-island/</link>
					<comments>https://news.mongabay.com/2012/12/measuring-nutrient-pollution-in-pristine-waters-puerto-ricos-vieques-island/#respond</comments>
					<pubDate>10 Dec 2012 15:02:00 +0000</pubDate>
											<dc:creator>
							<![CDATA[Jeremy Hance]]>
						</dc:creator>
										<author>
						<![CDATA[Jeremy Hance]]>
					</author>
															<enclosure url="" type="image/jpeg" />
					<guid isPermaLink="false">http://news.mongabaydev.co.uk/2012/12/measuring-nutrient-pollution-in-pristine-waters-puerto-ricos-vieques-island/</guid>

					
											<locations>
							<![CDATA[Caribbean and Puerto Rico]]>
						</locations>
					
											<topic-tags>
							<![CDATA[Ecosystems, Environment, Eutrophication, Green, Islands, Marine, Marine Conservation, Marine Protected Areas, Nutrient Pollution, Oceans, Pollution, and Tropical Conservation Science]]>
						</topic-tags>
					
					
											<description>
							<![CDATA[Vieques Island. Photo by: USFWS. Life in the ocean require nutrient, but too much of a good thing can be hugely detrimental. Nutrient pollution from agricultural and industrial runoff causes serious ecological harm in the world&#8217;s marine waters, at times producing massive &#8220;dead zones&#8221; where much of the dissolved oxygen has been stripped making it [&#8230;]]]>
						</description>
																					<content:encoded>
							<![CDATA[Vieques Island. Photo by: USFWS. Life in the ocean require nutrient, but too much of a good thing can be hugely detrimental. Nutrient pollution from agricultural and industrial runoff causes serious ecological harm in the world&#8217;s marine waters, at times producing massive &#8220;dead zones&#8221; where much of the dissolved oxygen has been stripped making it difficult for most marine animals to live there. A new study by scientists with the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) attempts to establish a baseline of nutrient levels in the largely pristine waters around the island of Vieques off of Puerto Rico. Used by the U.S. Navy until 2003, when a series of protests prompted their withdrawal, the island is now a National Wildlife Refuge and is expected to see a new influx of tourism. &#8220;There is no significant agricultural activity and no industrial sources of nitrogen or phosphorous on the island,&#8221; the scientists write in their study published in mongabay.com&#8217;s open access journal Tropical Conversation Science. &#8220;Populations of free roaming horses and wild dogs may be adding to the nutrient budget, and human waste, from the wastewater treatment plant, septic systems and possibly untreated waste, is almost certainly an important source,&#8221; Taking 193 samples over 40 sites for nutrients&#8212;including nitrogen, phosphorous and silica&#8212;the scientists found that the waters around Vieques have similar nutrient concentrations as nearby Puerto Rico, and currently do not pose a major problem. The researchers did find, however, significantly higher levels of nutrients in lagoons around Vieques but they&hellip;This article was originally published on <a href="https://news.mongabay.com/2012/12/measuring-nutrient-pollution-in-pristine-waters-puerto-ricos-vieques-island/" data-wpel-link="internal">Mongabay</a>]]>
						</content:encoded>
										<wfw:commentRss>https://news.mongabay.com/2012/12/measuring-nutrient-pollution-in-pristine-waters-puerto-ricos-vieques-island/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
					<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
										<doi>https://doi.org/10.66709/news-29897</doi>				</item>
						<item>
					<title>Organic yields lag behind industrial farming, but that&#8217;s not the whole story</title>
					<link>https://news.mongabay.com/2012/04/organic-yields-lag-behind-industrial-farming-but-thats-not-the-whole-story/</link>
					<comments>https://news.mongabay.com/2012/04/organic-yields-lag-behind-industrial-farming-but-thats-not-the-whole-story/#respond</comments>
					<pubDate>26 Apr 2012 17:44:00 +0000</pubDate>
											<dc:creator>
							<![CDATA[Jeremy Hance]]>
						</dc:creator>
										<author>
						<![CDATA[Jeremy Hance]]>
					</author>
															<enclosure url="" type="image/jpeg" />
					<guid isPermaLink="false">http://news.mongabaydev.co.uk/2012/04/organic-yields-lag-behind-industrial-farming-but-thats-not-the-whole-story/</guid>

					
					
											<topic-tags>
							<![CDATA[Agriculture, Climate Change, Dead Zone, Environment, Farming, Food, Food Prices, Green, Hunger, Impact Of Climate Change, Industry, Pesticides, Pollinators, Pollution, and Solutions]]>
						</topic-tags>
					
					
											<description>
							<![CDATA[Corn growing in Colombia. Photo by: Rhett A. Butler. In general, industrial agriculture beats organic farming in yields, according to a comprehensive new study in Nature. The study adds new data to the sometimes heated debate of organic versus conventional farming. Proponents of organic farming argue that these practices are environmentally friendly, sustainable over the [&#8230;]]]>
						</description>
																					<content:encoded>
							<![CDATA[Corn growing in Colombia. Photo by: Rhett A. Butler. In general, industrial agriculture beats organic farming in yields, according to a comprehensive new study in Nature. The study adds new data to the sometimes heated debate of organic versus conventional farming. Proponents of organic farming argue that these practices are environmentally friendly, sustainable over the long-term, and provide a number of social goods. However, critics argue that organic farming requires more land, thereby increasing global deforestation, which offsets any other environmental benefits of organic food production. At stake is whether organic or conventional is capable of feeding the world&#8217;s seven billion people (and rising), including increasing demand for energy-intensive foods like meat in the developing world. After weeding out problematic research on organic versus conventional agricultural, researchers with the University of Minnesota and McGill University looked at 66 studies on 34 different crops. They found that conventional farming currently beats organic agriculture in yields by 25 percent. However, that simple statistic does not capture the full picture: yields varied widely between types of crops and growing methods. &#8220;For some crops, like many fruits and some legumes (e.g., chickpeas or beans), organic farms nearly match the yield performance of their conventional counterparts, co-author Jonathan Foley, director of the Institute on the Environment, explained to mongabay.com. For example, when looking at rain-fed legumes, the study found that organic yields were only 5 percent behind conventional, and organic fruits were just 3 percent behind. &#8220;But for other crops, like our major cereals and&hellip;This article was originally published on <a href="https://news.mongabay.com/2012/04/organic-yields-lag-behind-industrial-farming-but-thats-not-the-whole-story/" data-wpel-link="internal">Mongabay</a>]]>
						</content:encoded>
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					<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
										<doi>https://doi.org/10.66709/news-30994</doi>				</item>
						<item>
					<title>Jellyfish explosion may be natural cycle</title>
					<link>https://news.mongabay.com/2012/02/jellyfish-explosion-may-be-natural-cycle/</link>
					<comments>https://news.mongabay.com/2012/02/jellyfish-explosion-may-be-natural-cycle/#respond</comments>
					<pubDate>06 Feb 2012 13:18:00 +0000</pubDate>
											<dc:creator>
							<![CDATA[Jeremy Hance]]>
						</dc:creator>
										<author>
						<![CDATA[Jeremy Hance]]>
					</author>
															<enclosure url="" type="image/jpeg" />
					<guid isPermaLink="false">http://news.mongabaydev.co.uk/2012/02/jellyfish-explosion-may-be-natural-cycle/</guid>

					
					
											<topic-tags>
							<![CDATA[Animals, Climate Change, Dead Zone, Environment, Green, Impact Of Climate Change, Invertebrates, Jellyfish, Marine, Marine Animals, Oceans, Overfishing, and Wildlife]]>
						</topic-tags>
					
					
											<description>
							<![CDATA[Evidence that jellyfish are taking over the oceans is currently lacking, according to a new study published in Bioscience. Complied by a number of marine experts, the study found that while jellyfish have been on the rise in some regions it is likely due to a natural cycle of jellyfish populations and not a global [&#8230;]]]>
						</description>
																					<content:encoded>
							<![CDATA[Evidence that jellyfish are taking over the oceans is currently lacking, according to a new study published in Bioscience. Complied by a number of marine experts, the study found that while jellyfish have been on the rise in some regions it is likely due to a natural cycle of jellyfish populations and not a global boom. Researchers, including a number of marine biologists, have warned for years that jellyfish numbers may be exploding due to human activities, such as overfishing, warmer oceans due to global climate change, and the rise of oxygen-depleted, so-called &#8220;dead zones.&#8221; &#8220;Clearly, there are areas where jellyfish have increased&#8212;the situation with the Giant Jellyfish in Japan is a classic example,&#8221; says lead author Rob Condon, marine scientist at the Dauphin Island Sea Lab (DISL) in the U.S. &#8220;But there are also areas where jellyfish have decreased, or fluctuate over the decadal periods.&#8221; Looking over data going back to 1790, researchers did not see any long-term upswing in jellyfish populations, but rather boom-and-bust cycles that have been occurring for centuries. &#8220;The past period of rise was in the mid-90s to about 2005, and that&#8217;s when all the papers claiming there was a global rise came out,&#8221; Carlos Duarte, director of the Oceans Institute at the University of Western Australia, told the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC). &#8220;So in fact there was a little bit of support for that because there was more a general rise than the previous decade, but this is not unprecedented. If we looked at&hellip;This article was originally published on <a href="https://news.mongabay.com/2012/02/jellyfish-explosion-may-be-natural-cycle/" data-wpel-link="internal">Mongabay</a>]]>
						</content:encoded>
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					<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
										<doi>https://doi.org/10.66709/news-31366</doi>				</item>
						<item>
					<title>Ocean prognosis: mass extinction</title>
					<link>https://news.mongabay.com/2011/06/ocean-prognosis-mass-extinction/</link>
					<comments>https://news.mongabay.com/2011/06/ocean-prognosis-mass-extinction/#respond</comments>
					<pubDate>20 Jun 2011 16:26:00 +0000</pubDate>
											<dc:creator>
							<![CDATA[Jeremy Hance]]>
						</dc:creator>
										<author>
						<![CDATA[Jeremy Hance]]>
					</author>
															<enclosure url="" type="image/jpeg" />
					<guid isPermaLink="false">http://news.mongabaydev.co.uk/2011/06/ocean-prognosis-mass-extinction/</guid>

					
											<locations>
							<![CDATA[Antarctica, Arctic, and Greenland]]>
						</locations>
					
											<topic-tags>
							<![CDATA[Animals, Biodiversity, Carbon Emissions, Climate Change, Consumption, Coral Reefs, Dead Zone, Ecosystems, Environment, Extinction, Fish, Fishing, Global Environmental Crisis, Green, Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Impact Of Climate Change, Marine, Marine Animals, Marine Conservation, Mass Extinction, Ocean Acidification, Oceans, Overfishing, Pollution, Sea Ice, and Wildlife]]>
						</topic-tags>
					
					
											<description>
							<![CDATA[A new report finds that the oceans are facing a mass extinction. One day many of the world&#8217;s marine species may only be found in aquariums, if at all, such as this green sea anemone in the Monterey Bay Aquarium. Photo by: Rhett A. Butler. Multiple and converging human impacts on the world&#8217;s oceans are [&#8230;]]]>
						</description>
																					<content:encoded>
							<![CDATA[A new report finds that the oceans are facing a mass extinction. One day many of the world&#8217;s marine species may only be found in aquariums, if at all, such as this green sea anemone in the Monterey Bay Aquarium. Photo by: Rhett A. Butler. Multiple and converging human impacts on the world&#8217;s oceans are putting marine species at risk of a mass extinction not seen for millions of years, according to a panel of oceanic experts. The bleak assessment finds that the world&#8217;s oceans are in a significantly worse state than has been widely recognized, although past reports of this nature have hardly been uplifting. The panel, organized by the International Program on the State of the Ocean (IPSO), found that overfishing, pollution, and climate change are synergistically pummeling oceanic ecosystems in ways not seen during human history. Still, the scientists believe that there is time to turn things around if society recognizes the need to change. &#8220;The findings are shocking,&#8221; Alex Rogers, IPSO&#8217;s scientific director and professor of conservation biology at Oxford University, said in a press release. &#8220;As we considered the cumulative effect of what humankind does to the oceans, the implications became far worse than we had individually realized. We&#8217;ve sat in one forum and spoken to each other about what we&#8217;re seeing, and we&#8217;ve ended up with a picture showing that almost right across the board we&#8217;re seeing changes that are happening faster than we&#8217;d thought, or in ways that we didn&#8217;t expect to see&hellip;This article was originally published on <a href="https://news.mongabay.com/2011/06/ocean-prognosis-mass-extinction/" data-wpel-link="internal">Mongabay</a>]]>
						</content:encoded>
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					<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
										<doi>https://doi.org/10.66709/news-32381</doi>				</item>
						<item>
					<title>Record dead zone projected due to Midwest floods</title>
					<link>https://news.mongabay.com/2011/06/record-dead-zone-projected-due-to-midwest-floods/</link>
					<comments>https://news.mongabay.com/2011/06/record-dead-zone-projected-due-to-midwest-floods/#respond</comments>
					<pubDate>16 Jun 2011 23:25:00 +0000</pubDate>
											<dc:creator>
							<![CDATA[Mongabay.com]]>
						</dc:creator>
										<author>
						<![CDATA[Rhett Butler]]>
					</author>
															<enclosure url="" type="image/jpeg" />
					<guid isPermaLink="false">http://news.mongabaydev.co.uk/2011/06/record-dead-zone-projected-due-to-midwest-floods/</guid>

					
											<locations>
							<![CDATA[United States]]>
						</locations>
					
											<topic-tags>
							<![CDATA[Agriculture, Corn, Dead Zone, Environment, Ethanol, Farming, Green, Hypoxia, Oceans, Pollution, and Rivers]]>
						</topic-tags>
					
					
											<description>
							<![CDATA[Flooding in the Midwest is likely to cause the largest-ever dead zone in the Gulf of Mexico, reports the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). NOAA-supported scientists from three universities &#8212; the Louisiana Universities Marine Consortium, Louisiana State University and the University of Michigan &#8212; predict the area of low oxygen in the Gulf will [&#8230;]]]>
						</description>
																					<content:encoded>
							<![CDATA[Flooding in the Midwest is likely to cause the largest-ever dead zone in the Gulf of Mexico, reports the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). NOAA-supported scientists from three universities &#8212; the Louisiana Universities Marine Consortium, Louisiana State University and the University of Michigan &#8212; predict the area of low oxygen in the Gulf will measure between 8,500 and 9,421 square miles, an area roughly the size of New Hampshire. The largest Gulf dead zone ever measured since record-keeping began in 1985 occurred in 2002 and encompassed more than 8,400 square miles. The average Gulf dead zone over the past five years. is 6,000 square miles. Scientists believe this year&#8217;s hypoxic zone will be especially large due to agricultural run-off from flooded farmlands. &#8220;Hypoxia is caused by excessive nutrient pollution, often from human activities such as agriculture that results in too little oxygen to support most marine life in bottom and near-bottom water,&#8221; says NOAA. The dead zone typically triggers large-scale die-offs of commercially-valuable sea life. Nutrient pollution in the Mississippi has been exacerbated by subsidies to boost corn ethanol production. Earlier this week the Senate voted to end support of corn ethanol, which has cost U.S. taxpayers $30 billion since 1980. Related articlesThis article was originally published on <a href="https://news.mongabay.com/2011/06/record-dead-zone-projected-due-to-midwest-floods/" data-wpel-link="internal">Mongabay</a>]]>
						</content:encoded>
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					<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
										<doi>https://doi.org/10.66709/news-32392</doi>				</item>
						<item>
					<title>Prosperity without Growth: Economics for a Finite Planet</title>
					<link>https://news.mongabay.com/2011/05/prosperity-without-growth-economics-for-a-finite-planet/</link>
					<comments>https://news.mongabay.com/2011/05/prosperity-without-growth-economics-for-a-finite-planet/#respond</comments>
					<pubDate>23 May 2011 19:43:00 +0000</pubDate>
											<dc:creator>
							<![CDATA[Gabriel Thoumi]]>
						</dc:creator>
										<author>
						<![CDATA[Jeremy Hance]]>
					</author>
															<enclosure url="" type="image/jpeg" />
					<guid isPermaLink="false">http://news.mongabaydev.co.uk/2011/05/prosperity-without-growth-economics-for-a-finite-planet/</guid>

					
											<locations>
							<![CDATA[United States]]>
						</locations>
					
											<topic-tags>
							<![CDATA[Books, Dead Zone, Economics, Ecosystem Services, Environment, Environmental Services, Green, Payments For Ecosystem Services, Rivers, Sustainability, and Sustainable Development]]>
						</topic-tags>
					
					
											<description>
							<![CDATA[Prosperity without Growth: Economics for a Finite Planet challenges us to imaging a world where growth and unmitigated consumption do not equal development. In fact, as clearly described throughout, countries with unmitigated consumption are the underdeveloped countries of the 21st Century expanding our global ecological debt at the expense of countries who are more sophisticated [&#8230;]]]>
						</description>
																					<content:encoded>
							<![CDATA[Prosperity without Growth: Economics for a Finite Planet challenges us to imaging a world where growth and unmitigated consumption do not equal development. In fact, as clearly described throughout, countries with unmitigated consumption are the underdeveloped countries of the 21st Century expanding our global ecological debt at the expense of countries who are more sophisticated in their development practices with similar prosperity levels while incurring less &#8220;national&#8221; ecological debt. The development of natural capital by enhancing ecological value and then describing an economic value to this enhancement—or delta—is the challenge of the 21st Century. By expanding upon payments for ecosystem services (PES) systems allowing us to pay for improved water quality, biodiversity enhancement, and biogenic carbon sequestration, we are challenging traditional economics that often viewed natural capital as an unlimited resource base. 21st Century development is not unconstrained economic expansion. 21st Century development is bounded economic efficiency focusing on first minimizing negative ecological impact and second enhancing positive ecological impact. As repeatedly demonstrated in throughout the book, if we do not engage in a 21st Century development pattern leading to a biodiversity, ecological, and carbon positive economy, we shall tremendous economic collapse globally. Our current labyrinth of ecological debt is already causing substantial economic harm to our economies. We only have to consider the concepts eloquently described by Tim Jackson in the framework of the devastating flooding in the Mississippi River Valley this spring in the United States. As the great American author and river man Mark Twain said: “The&hellip;This article was originally published on <a href="https://news.mongabay.com/2011/05/prosperity-without-growth-economics-for-a-finite-planet/" data-wpel-link="internal">Mongabay</a>]]>
						</content:encoded>
										<wfw:commentRss>https://news.mongabay.com/2011/05/prosperity-without-growth-economics-for-a-finite-planet/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
					<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
										<doi>https://doi.org/10.66709/news-32508</doi>				</item>
						<item>
					<title>Australia&#8217;s floods threaten Great Barrier Reef</title>
					<link>https://news.mongabay.com/2011/01/australias-floods-threaten-great-barrier-reef/</link>
					<comments>https://news.mongabay.com/2011/01/australias-floods-threaten-great-barrier-reef/#respond</comments>
					<pubDate>18 Jan 2011 23:35:00 +0000</pubDate>
											<dc:creator>
							<![CDATA[Emily Kirkland]]>
						</dc:creator>
										<author>
						<![CDATA[Rhett Butler]]>
					</author>
															<enclosure url="" type="image/jpeg" />
					<guid isPermaLink="false">http://news.mongabaydev.co.uk/2011/01/australias-floods-threaten-great-barrier-reef/</guid>

					
											<locations>
							<![CDATA[Australia]]>
						</locations>
					
											<topic-tags>
							<![CDATA[Coral Reefs, Disasters, Environment, Eutrophication, Flooding, Green, Oceans, and Pollution]]>
						</topic-tags>
					
					
											<description>
							<![CDATA[The floods ransacking the Queensland coast have cost 31 lives and $30 billion worth of property damage. Now, huge volumes of water are pouring into the ocean, threatening the Great Barrier Reef, which extends for thousands of kilometers off the coast. Although it may take years to know the full consequences of the flooding, Australian [&#8230;]]]>
						</description>
																					<content:encoded>
							<![CDATA[The floods ransacking the Queensland coast have cost 31 lives and $30 billion worth of property damage. Now, huge volumes of water are pouring into the ocean, threatening the Great Barrier Reef, which extends for thousands of kilometers off the coast. Although it may take years to know the full consequences of the flooding, Australian scientists are already warning of serious damage. For now, the biggest problems are concentrated on the southern part of the reef, where three overflowing rivers—the Burdekin, the Fitzroy, and the Burnett—have released millions of gallons of heavily polluted water into the sea. So far, prevailing winds have confined the majority of the floodwaters to within 65 kilometers of shore. But in time, the damage may grow to affect the entire reef system. The floodwaters are dangerous for a number of reasons. One problem is the pure volume of freshwater now rushing into the ocean. In the Fitzroy river delta alone, enough flood water has flowed into the reef to fill three Sydney Harbors. Too much freshwater lowers salinity levels and can be deadly for coral. The floodwaters are also cloudy, mixed with dirt and sediment—not to mention debris from cities and fertilizer and pesticide runoff from farms. The cloudy floodwaters block sunlight, impeding photosynthesis and smothering the coral. In one resort area, visibility in the water has already fallen from 30 meters to one meter. In addition, agricultural chemicals and trace metals may hurt coral directly. Great Barrier Reef in Australia. Photo by: Rhett A.&hellip;This article was originally published on <a href="https://news.mongabay.com/2011/01/australias-floods-threaten-great-barrier-reef/" data-wpel-link="internal">Mongabay</a>]]>
						</content:encoded>
										<wfw:commentRss>https://news.mongabay.com/2011/01/australias-floods-threaten-great-barrier-reef/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
					<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
										<doi>https://doi.org/10.66709/news-33093</doi>				</item>
						<item>
					<title>Growing Atlantic dead zone shrinks habitat for billfish and tuna, may lead to over-harvest</title>
					<link>https://news.mongabay.com/2010/12/growing-atlantic-dead-zone-shrinks-habitat-for-billfish-and-tuna-may-lead-to-over-harvest/</link>
					<comments>https://news.mongabay.com/2010/12/growing-atlantic-dead-zone-shrinks-habitat-for-billfish-and-tuna-may-lead-to-over-harvest/#respond</comments>
					<pubDate>29 Dec 2010 20:16:00 +0000</pubDate>
											<dc:creator>
							<![CDATA[Morgan Erickson-Davis]]>
						</dc:creator>
										<author>
						<![CDATA[Morgan Erickson-Davis]]>
					</author>
															<enclosure url="" type="image/jpeg" />
					<guid isPermaLink="false">http://news.mongabaydev.co.uk/2010/12/growing-atlantic-dead-zone-shrinks-habitat-for-billfish-and-tuna-may-lead-to-over-harvest/</guid>

					
					
											<topic-tags>
							<![CDATA[Climate Change, Dead Zone, Environment, Eutrophication, Fertilizers, Fish, Green, Oceans, Overfishing, and Tuna]]>
						</topic-tags>
					
					
											<description>
							<![CDATA[A dead zone off the coast of West Africa is reducing the amount of available habitat for Atlantic tuna and billfish species, reports the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration in a study published in Fisheries Oceanography. The zone is growing due to rising water temperatures and is expected to cause over-harvest of tuna and billfish [&#8230;]]]>
						</description>
																					<content:encoded>
							<![CDATA[A dead zone off the coast of West Africa is reducing the amount of available habitat for Atlantic tuna and billfish species, reports the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration in a study published in Fisheries Oceanography. The zone is growing due to rising water temperatures and is expected to cause over-harvest of tuna and billfish as the fish seek higher levels of oxygen in areas with greater fisheries activity. Dead zones are areas of the ocean which are too low in oxygen to support many marine species. There are about 400 of these &#8220;hypoxic&#8221; regions throughout the world, many caused by human activities. Perhaps the most notorious, the New Jersey-size dead zone in the Gulf of Mexico is caused by fertilizer runoff released by the Mississippi which encourages oxygen-depleting algae to proliferate out of control. Another dead zone was discovered in 2007. It occurs off the coast of Texas, where the Brazos river empties into the Gulf. Dead zones can also be caused by climate change. Increases in ocean temperature can change the course of currents, isolating certain areas from influxes of deeper, colder water. As the water in the area sits, it warms and releases its oxygen, making it inhospitable to many aquatic species. Three major dead zones are known to have been caused by climate change: one off the coast of Chile and Peru, one off the east coast of Africa, and another off of Africa&#8217;s west coast. A new dead zone was reported off the US west&hellip;This article was originally published on <a href="https://news.mongabay.com/2010/12/growing-atlantic-dead-zone-shrinks-habitat-for-billfish-and-tuna-may-lead-to-over-harvest/" data-wpel-link="internal">Mongabay</a>]]>
						</content:encoded>
										<wfw:commentRss>https://news.mongabay.com/2010/12/growing-atlantic-dead-zone-shrinks-habitat-for-billfish-and-tuna-may-lead-to-over-harvest/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
					<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
										<doi>https://doi.org/10.66709/news-33172</doi>				</item>
						<item>
					<title>Coral reef survival depends on the super small, an interview with Forest Rohwer</title>
					<link>https://news.mongabay.com/2010/08/coral-reef-survival-depends-on-the-super-small-an-interview-with-forest-rohwer/</link>
					<comments>https://news.mongabay.com/2010/08/coral-reef-survival-depends-on-the-super-small-an-interview-with-forest-rohwer/#respond</comments>
					<pubDate>30 Aug 2010 21:10:00 +0000</pubDate>
											<dc:creator>
							<![CDATA[Jeremy Hance]]>
						</dc:creator>
										<author>
						<![CDATA[Jeremy Hance]]>
					</author>
															<enclosure url="" type="image/jpeg" />
					<guid isPermaLink="false">http://news.mongabaydev.co.uk/2010/08/coral-reef-survival-depends-on-the-super-small-an-interview-with-forest-rohwer</guid>

					
											<locations>
							<![CDATA[United States]]>
						</locations>
					
											<topic-tags>
							<![CDATA[Agriculture, Animal Behavior, Animals, Conservation, Conservation Finance, Coral Reefs, Ecological Beauty, Ecology, Ecosystem Services, Endangered Species, Environment, Environmental Services, Eutrophication, Fertilizers, Fish, Fishing, Global Environmental Crisis, Green, Interviews, Invertebrates, Islands, Marine, Marine Animals, Marine Conservation, Ocean Acidification, Oceans, Overfishing, Politics, Pollution, Protected Areas, Saving Species From Extinction, Sharks, Solutions, Technology, Wildlife, and Wildtech]]>
						</topic-tags>
					
					
											<description>
							<![CDATA[If you take a teaspoon and dip it into the ocean what will you have? Some drops of lifeless water? Only a few decades ago this is what scientists would have said, however, the development of increasingly powerful microscopes have shown us a world long unknown, which has vital importance for the survival of one [&#8230;]]]>
						</description>
																					<content:encoded>
							<![CDATA[If you take a teaspoon and dip it into the ocean what will you have? Some drops of lifeless water? Only a few decades ago this is what scientists would have said, however, the development of increasingly powerful microscopes have shown us a world long unknown, which has vital importance for the survival of one of the world&#8217;s most threatened and most treasured ecosystems: coral reefs. A single milliliter of water is now known to contain at least a million living microbes, i.e. organisms too small to see without a microscope. After discovering their super-abundant presence, researchers are now beginning to uncover how these incredibly tiny life-forms shape the fate of the world&#8217;s coral reefs. &#8220;Microbes are intimately associated with the coral animal where, for example, they contribute by recycling nutrients. This is especially vital work for a healthy reef because nutrients such as usable nitrogen are scarce and often limit growth,&#8221; explains Dr. Forest Rohwer, creator and head of the Rohwer lab at San Diego State University. In addition, Rohwer has recently co-written a book on coral reefs for the general reader entitled, Coral Reefs in the Microbial Seas, which has received overwhelmingly positive reviews on Amazon.com. Dr. Forest Rohwer in the Line Islands. Photo courtesy of: Forest Rohwer. In a recent interview with mongabay.com, Rohwer explained that while microbes are vital to reef survival, they can also lead to coral decline and death, especially when impacted by ocean degradation through overfishing or nutrient pollution from sewage and agriculture.&hellip;This article was originally published on <a href="https://news.mongabay.com/2010/08/coral-reef-survival-depends-on-the-super-small-an-interview-with-forest-rohwer/" data-wpel-link="internal">Mongabay</a>]]>
						</content:encoded>
										<wfw:commentRss>https://news.mongabay.com/2010/08/coral-reef-survival-depends-on-the-super-small-an-interview-with-forest-rohwer/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
					<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
										<doi>https://doi.org/10.66709/news-33713</doi>				</item>
						<item>
					<title>Backbone of marine food chain in alarming decline</title>
					<link>https://news.mongabay.com/2010/07/backbone-of-marine-food-chain-in-alarming-decline/</link>
					<comments>https://news.mongabay.com/2010/07/backbone-of-marine-food-chain-in-alarming-decline/#respond</comments>
					<pubDate>28 Jul 2010 17:19:00 +0000</pubDate>
											<dc:creator>
							<![CDATA[Jeremy Hance]]>
						</dc:creator>
										<author>
						<![CDATA[Jeremy Hance]]>
					</author>
															<enclosure url="" type="image/jpeg" />
					<guid isPermaLink="false">http://news.mongabaydev.co.uk/2010/07/backbone-of-marine-food-chain-in-alarming-decline</guid>

					
					
											<topic-tags>
							<![CDATA[Animals, Climate Change, Climate Science, Dead Zone, Ecology, Environment, Fish, Fishing, Global Environmental Crisis, Green, Impact Of Climate Change, Marine, Marine Animals, Ocean Acidification, Oceans, Overfishing, and Plants]]>
						</topic-tags>
					
					
											<description>
							<![CDATA[Tiny marine algae, known as phytoplankton, are the backbone of the marine food chain, yet a new study in Nature has found that this backbone is disintegrating. Researchers discovered that since 1950 phytoplankton has declined by approximately 40 percent across the Northern Hemisphere, a decline that corresponds to warming waters due to climate change. Given [&#8230;]]]>
						</description>
																					<content:encoded>
							<![CDATA[Tiny marine algae, known as phytoplankton, are the backbone of the marine food chain, yet a new study in Nature has found that this backbone is disintegrating. Researchers discovered that since 1950 phytoplankton has declined by approximately 40 percent across the Northern Hemisphere, a decline that corresponds to warming waters due to climate change. Given that these microscopic plants feed the oceans&#8217; abundance all the way up the food chain—from zooplankton to fish to seabird to sharks to humans—the decline has likely impacted the very structure of the ocean. &#8220;Phytoplankton are a critical part of our planetary life support system. They produce half of the oxygen we breathe, draw down surface CO2, and ultimately support all of our fisheries. An ocean with less phytoplankton will function differently, and this has to be accounted for in our management efforts,&#8221; explains co-author and associate professor, Boris Worm, from Dalhousie University. Employing both historical records and contemporary data, researchers were able to compile a database with half a million observations in order to recreate the oceans&#8217; phytoplankton populations going all the way back to 1899. In doing so they discovered a continuing decline of around 1 percent of the global average every year. Since the declines were linked to rising temperatures, researchers say that warmer oceans restrict the abundance of nutrients delivered from the deep to the surface. Since such nutrients are essential for phytoplankton production, less nutrients equals less phytoplankton. &#8220;Climate-driven phytoplankton declines are another important dimension of global change in the&hellip;This article was originally published on <a href="https://news.mongabay.com/2010/07/backbone-of-marine-food-chain-in-alarming-decline/" data-wpel-link="internal">Mongabay</a>]]>
						</content:encoded>
										<wfw:commentRss>https://news.mongabay.com/2010/07/backbone-of-marine-food-chain-in-alarming-decline/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
					<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
										<doi>https://doi.org/10.66709/news-33844</doi>				</item>
						<item>
					<title>New NASA image reveals the oceans&#8217; dead zones</title>
					<link>https://news.mongabay.com/2010/07/new-nasa-image-reveals-the-oceans-dead-zones/</link>
					<comments>https://news.mongabay.com/2010/07/new-nasa-image-reveals-the-oceans-dead-zones/#respond</comments>
					<pubDate>22 Jul 2010 20:12:00 +0000</pubDate>
											<dc:creator>
							<![CDATA[Jeremy Hance]]>
						</dc:creator>
										<author>
						<![CDATA[Jeremy Hance]]>
					</author>
															<enclosure url="" type="image/jpeg" />
					<guid isPermaLink="false">http://news.mongabaydev.co.uk/2010/07/new-nasa-image-reveals-the-oceans-dead-zones</guid>

					
					
											<topic-tags>
							<![CDATA[Animals, Dead Zone, Environment, Eutrophication, Fertilizers, Fossil Fuels, Global Environmental Crisis, Green, Marine, Marine Animals, Oceans, Photos, Satellite Imagery, and Technology]]>
						</topic-tags>
					
					
											<description>
							<![CDATA[A new image by NASA reveals the extent of the world&#8217;s marine dead zones, which a study in 2008 found were doubling every decade. At that time 415 dead zones had been identified worldwide. Dead zones are regions of the ocean where dissolved oxygen has fallen to such low levels that most marine species can [&#8230;]]]>
						</description>
																					<content:encoded>
							<![CDATA[A new image by NASA reveals the extent of the world&#8217;s marine dead zones, which a study in 2008 found were doubling every decade. At that time 415 dead zones had been identified worldwide. Dead zones are regions of the ocean where dissolved oxygen has fallen to such low levels that most marine species can no longer survive. Such conditions are often seasonal. The so-called dead zones are caused by agricultural runoff, especially nitrogen-rich fertilizers, as well as the burning of fossil fuels. Pollutants from these sources cause marine eutrophication, whereby the ecosystem receives too many nutrients, triggering massive algae blooms, which eventually die and are broken down bacteria. In breaking down the algae blooms, the bacteria consume excessive amounts of oxygen, essentially starving the marine system. Therefore the largest and most extreme dead zones occur near high populations and run-off areas for agriculture fertilizers. There are a few places in the world where low-oxygen waters are naturally occurring, such as the Bay of Bengal and southern Africa&#8217;s Atlantic west coast. Species in these regions have evolved greater resilience to low oxygen conditions, however even these areas are threatened by anthropogenic sources of nutrients. Created by satellite, the red circles on this map show the location and size of many of our planet’s dead zones. Black dots show where dead zones have been observed, but their size is unknown. Darker blues in this image show higher concentrations of particulate organic matter, an indication of the overly fertile waters that can&hellip;This article was originally published on <a href="https://news.mongabay.com/2010/07/new-nasa-image-reveals-the-oceans-dead-zones/" data-wpel-link="internal">Mongabay</a>]]>
						</content:encoded>
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					<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
										<doi>https://doi.org/10.66709/news-33864</doi>				</item>
						<item>
					<title>Biofuel company eyes dead zone in the Gulf of Mexico for creating fish-powered fuel</title>
					<link>https://news.mongabay.com/2009/08/biofuel-company-eyes-dead-zone-in-the-gulf-of-mexico-for-creating-fish-powered-fuel/</link>
					<comments>https://news.mongabay.com/2009/08/biofuel-company-eyes-dead-zone-in-the-gulf-of-mexico-for-creating-fish-powered-fuel/#respond</comments>
					<pubDate>18 Aug 2009 17:25:00 +0000</pubDate>
											<dc:creator>
							<![CDATA[Jeremy Hance]]>
						</dc:creator>
										<author>
						<![CDATA[Jeremy Hance]]>
					</author>
															<enclosure url="" type="image/jpeg" />
					<guid isPermaLink="false">http://news.mongabaydev.co.uk/2009/08/biofuel-company-eyes-dead-zone-in-the-gulf-of-mexico-for-creating-fish-powered-fuel/</guid>

					
					
											<topic-tags>
							<![CDATA[Biofuels, Clean Energy, Dead Zone, Ecology, Economics, Environment, Fish, Fishing, Green, Oceans, Renewable Energy, Solutions, and Strange]]>
						</topic-tags>
					
					
											<description>
							<![CDATA[&#8216;Dead zones&#8217; in the ocean are called such for a reason. Every year agricultural run-off, especially fertilizer, floods the oceans with an abundance of nutrients leading to algae blooms, i.e. massive explosions of phytoplankton. The demise of these blooms, and the rise of bacteria feeding on them, eventually starves the entire area of oxygen creating [&#8230;]]]>
						</description>
																					<content:encoded>
							<![CDATA[&#8216;Dead zones&#8217; in the ocean are called such for a reason. Every year agricultural run-off, especially fertilizer, floods the oceans with an abundance of nutrients leading to algae blooms, i.e. massive explosions of phytoplankton. The demise of these blooms, and the rise of bacteria feeding on them, eventually starves the entire area of oxygen creating a &#8216;dead zone&#8217; where the vast majority marine life can&#8217;t survive. Considered by most to be an environmental catastrophe, a new company is looking at dead zones in a different light: fuel and profit, as reported by the Wall Street Journal. LiveFuels Inc. sees the dead zones as a potential bonanza for algae-based biofuels. Such biofuels are currently being developed by a number of companies who plan to raise algae stocks in onshore facilities for fuel. But LiveFuels sees such an approach as cost-prohibitive. &#8220;It is too expensive for humans to grow algae, harvest it and get the water out and then convert it into a petroleum-like substitute,&#8221; said LiveFuels Chief Executive Lissa Morgenthaler-Jones. Instead LiveFuels has developed a plan to feed the algae in dead zones to fish, which will then be processed into oil. After gorging themselves, algae-eating fish will be captured, cooked, and then pressed to harvest their oils. This is the same process used to create Omega-3 oil in pill form, but LiveFuels also believes these oils can be turned into fuel. In other words: cars would run on ranched fish. LiveFuels is currently studying which fish, or grouping of species,&hellip;This article was originally published on <a href="https://news.mongabay.com/2009/08/biofuel-company-eyes-dead-zone-in-the-gulf-of-mexico-for-creating-fish-powered-fuel/" data-wpel-link="internal">Mongabay</a>]]>
						</content:encoded>
										<wfw:commentRss>https://news.mongabay.com/2009/08/biofuel-company-eyes-dead-zone-in-the-gulf-of-mexico-for-creating-fish-powered-fuel/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
					<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
										<doi>https://doi.org/10.66709/news-36427</doi>				</item>
						<item>
					<title>Will jellyfish take over the world?</title>
					<link>https://news.mongabay.com/2009/06/will-jellyfish-take-over-the-world/</link>
					<comments>https://news.mongabay.com/2009/06/will-jellyfish-take-over-the-world/#respond</comments>
					<pubDate>16 Jun 2009 00:02:00 +0000</pubDate>
											<dc:creator>
							<![CDATA[Jeremy Hance]]>
						</dc:creator>
										<author>
						<![CDATA[Jeremy Hance]]>
					</author>
															<enclosure url="" type="image/jpeg" />
					<guid isPermaLink="false">http://news.mongabaydev.co.uk/2009/06/will-jellyfish-take-over-the-world/</guid>

					
											<locations>
							<![CDATA[Australia]]>
						</locations>
					
											<topic-tags>
							<![CDATA[Animal Behavior, Animals, Climate Change, Dead Zone, Ecology, Environment, Fish, Fishing, Green, Impact Of Climate Change, Marine Conservation, Oceans, Overfishing, and Strange]]>
						</topic-tags>
					
					
											<description>
							<![CDATA[A ‘monoculture of jellyfish’ threatens the oceans as we know them. It could be a plot of a (bad) science-fiction film: a man-made disaster creates spawns of millions upon millions of jellyfish which rapidly take over the ocean. Humans, starving for mahi-mahi and Chilean seabass, turn to jellyfish, which becomes the new tuna (after the [&#8230;]]]>
						</description>
																					<content:encoded>
							<![CDATA[A ‘monoculture of jellyfish’ threatens the oceans as we know them. It could be a plot of a (bad) science-fiction film: a man-made disaster creates spawns of millions upon millions of jellyfish which rapidly take over the ocean. Humans, starving for mahi-mahi and Chilean seabass, turn to jellyfish, which becomes the new tuna (after the tuna fishery has collapsed, of course). Fish sticks become jelly-sticks, and fish-and-chips becomes jelly-and-chips. The sci-fi film could end with the ominous image of a jellyfish evolving terrestrial limbs and pulling itself onto land—readying itself for a new conquest. While this scenario sounds ridiculous, all of it—except the last sentence, of course—could conceivably come to pass. Dr. Anthony Richardson calls this the ‘jellyfish joyride’ and it is already happening in parts of the ocean: diverse fish populations are being replaced by jellyfish. A nemopilema nomurai in the Osaka Aquarium. Giant nomura jellyfish have appeared in massive blooms in Japanese seas. Photo by Kenpei. &#8220;Dense jellyfish aggregations can be a natural feature of healthy ocean ecosystems, but a clear picture is now emerging of more severe and frequent jellyfish outbreaks worldwide,” Richardson, from the University of Queensland and CSIRO Climate Adaptation Flagship, explains. &#8220;In recent years, jellyfish blooms have been recorded in the Mediterranean, the Gulf of Mexico, the Black and Caspian Seas, the Northeast US coast, and particularly in Far East coastal waters.” Once jellyfish gain a foothold, Richardson says that if conditions are right they can establish a massive population at the expense of&hellip;This article was originally published on <a href="https://news.mongabay.com/2009/06/will-jellyfish-take-over-the-world/" data-wpel-link="internal">Mongabay</a>]]>
						</content:encoded>
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					<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
										<doi>https://doi.org/10.66709/news-36654</doi>				</item>
						<item>
					<title>Climate change, ocean acidification may doom jumbo squid</title>
					<link>https://news.mongabay.com/2008/12/climate-change-ocean-acidification-may-doom-jumbo-squid/</link>
					<comments>https://news.mongabay.com/2008/12/climate-change-ocean-acidification-may-doom-jumbo-squid/#respond</comments>
					<pubDate>15 Dec 2008 14:30:39 +0000</pubDate>
											<dc:creator>
							<![CDATA[Mongabay.com]]>
						</dc:creator>
										<author>
						<![CDATA[Rhett Butler]]>
					</author>
															<enclosure url="" type="image/jpeg" />
					<guid isPermaLink="false">http://news.mongabaydev.co.uk/2008/12/climate-change-ocean-acidification-may-doom-jumbo-squid/</guid>

					
											<locations>
							<![CDATA[California]]>
						</locations>
					
											<topic-tags>
							<![CDATA[Animals, Biodiversity, Carbon Dioxide, Dead Zone, Deep Sea, Environment, Green, Hypoxia, Impact Of Climate Change, Ocean Acidification, Oceans, Squid, and Wildlife]]>
						</topic-tags>
					
					
											<description>
							<![CDATA[Climate change, ocean acidification may doom jumbo squid Climate change may stop jumbo squid invasion mongabay.com December 15, 2008]]>
						</description>
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							<![CDATA[Climate change, ocean acidification may doom jumbo squid Climate change may stop jumbo squid invasion mongabay.com December 15, 2008This article was originally published on <a href="https://news.mongabay.com/2008/12/climate-change-ocean-acidification-may-doom-jumbo-squid/" data-wpel-link="internal">Mongabay</a>]]>
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					<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
										<doi>https://doi.org/10.66709/news-62354</doi>				</item>
						<item>
					<title>U.S. needs environmental standards for biofuels</title>
					<link>https://news.mongabay.com/2008/10/u-s-needs-environmental-standards-for-biofuels/</link>
					<comments>https://news.mongabay.com/2008/10/u-s-needs-environmental-standards-for-biofuels/#respond</comments>
					<pubDate>02 Oct 2008 14:30:39 +0000</pubDate>
											<dc:creator>
							<![CDATA[Mongabay.com]]>
						</dc:creator>
										<author>
						<![CDATA[Rhett Butler]]>
					</author>
															<enclosure url="" type="image/jpeg" />
					<guid isPermaLink="false">http://news.mongabaydev.co.uk/2008/12/u-s-needs-environmental-standards-for-biofuels/</guid>

					
											<locations>
							<![CDATA[United States]]>
						</locations>
					
											<topic-tags>
							<![CDATA[Alternative Energy, Bioenergy, Biofuels, Clean Energy, Corn, Dead Zone, Energy, Environment, Environmental Law, Ethanol, Green, Pollution, Renewable Energy, and Sustainability]]>
						</topic-tags>
					
					
											<description>
							<![CDATA[U.S. needs environmental standards for biofuels U.S. needs environmental standards for biofuels mongabay.com October 2, 2008]]>
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							<![CDATA[U.S. needs environmental standards for biofuels U.S. needs environmental standards for biofuels mongabay.com October 2, 2008This article was originally published on <a href="https://news.mongabay.com/2008/10/u-s-needs-environmental-standards-for-biofuels/" data-wpel-link="internal">Mongabay</a>]]>
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					<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
										<doi>https://doi.org/10.66709/news-37811</doi>				</item>
						<item>
					<title>The long-ignored ocean emergency and what can be done to address it</title>
					<link>https://news.mongabay.com/2008/08/the-long-ignored-ocean-emergency-and-what-can-be-done-to-address-it/</link>
					<comments>https://news.mongabay.com/2008/08/the-long-ignored-ocean-emergency-and-what-can-be-done-to-address-it/#respond</comments>
					<pubDate>18 Aug 2008 14:30:00 +0000</pubDate>
											<dc:creator>
							<![CDATA[Jeremy Hance]]>
						</dc:creator>
										<author>
						<![CDATA[Rhett Butler]]>
					</author>
															<enclosure url="" type="image/jpeg" />
					<guid isPermaLink="false">http://news.mongabaydev.co.uk/2008/12/the-long-ignored-ocean-emergency-and-what-can-be-done-to-address-it/</guid>

					
					
											<topic-tags>
							<![CDATA[Agriculture, Aquaculture, Biodiversity, Cetaceans, Climate Change, Conservation, Coral Reefs, Dead Zone, Economics, Environment, Eutrophication, Fertilizers, Fish, Fishing, Green, Hypoxia, Impact Of Climate Change, Marine Conservation, Marine Mammals, Ocean Acidification, Oceans, Overfishing, Pollution, Sea Turtles, Sharks, and Whales]]>
						</topic-tags>
					
					
											<description>
							<![CDATA[This year has been full of bad news regarding marine ecosystems: one-third of coral species threatened with extinction, dead-zones spread to 415 sites, half of U.S. reefs in fair or bad condition, increase in ocean acidification, tuna and shark populations collapsing, and only four percent of ocean considered pristine. Jeremy Jackson, director of the Scripps [&#8230;]]]>
						</description>
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							<![CDATA[This year has been full of bad news regarding marine ecosystems: one-third of coral species threatened with extinction, dead-zones spread to 415 sites, half of U.S. reefs in fair or bad condition, increase in ocean acidification, tuna and shark populations collapsing, and only four percent of ocean considered pristine. Jeremy Jackson, director of the Scripps Center for Marine Biodiversity and Conservation at the University of California, San Diego, synthesizes such reports and others into a new paper, published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, that boldly lays out the scope of the oceanic emergency and what urgently needs to be done. &#8220;The purpose of&#8230; the paper is to make clear just how dire the situation is and how rapidly things are getting worse,&#8221; said Jackson. &#8220;It&#8217;s a lot like the issue of climate change that we had ignored for so long. If anything, the situation in the oceans could be worse because we are so close to the precipice in many ways&#8221;. For millennia the seas seemed an endless resource: unimaginably large and deep, brimming with life. How could such a seemingly inexhaustible recourse ever dwindle or even disappear? Increasingly, studies are showing catastrophic declines not only in fish favored for consumption, but in sea life altogether. A perfect storm of over-exploitation, nutrient pollution, and climate change is creating an uncertain future for the planet&#8217;s ocean, according to Jackson. Simply enforcing fisheries regulations would go a long way to preventing species extinctions. Credit: Marcos Guerra, STRI&hellip;This article was originally published on <a href="https://news.mongabay.com/2008/08/the-long-ignored-ocean-emergency-and-what-can-be-done-to-address-it/" data-wpel-link="internal">Mongabay</a>]]>
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					<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
										<doi>https://doi.org/10.66709/news-38060</doi>				</item>
						<item>
					<title>Marine &#8216;dead zones&#8217; double every decade</title>
					<link>https://news.mongabay.com/2008/08/marine-dead-zones-double-every-decade/</link>
					<comments>https://news.mongabay.com/2008/08/marine-dead-zones-double-every-decade/#respond</comments>
					<pubDate>14 Aug 2008 14:30:39 +0000</pubDate>
											<dc:creator>
							<![CDATA[Jeremy Hance]]>
						</dc:creator>
										<author>
						<![CDATA[Rhett Butler]]>
					</author>
															<enclosure url="" type="image/jpeg" />
					<guid isPermaLink="false">http://news.mongabaydev.co.uk/2008/12/marine-dead-zones-double-every-decade/</guid>

					
											<locations>
							<![CDATA[Malaysia]]>
						</locations>
					
											<topic-tags>
							<![CDATA[Agriculture, Dead Zone, Environment, Eutrophication, Farming, Fertilizers, Green, Hypoxia, Marine Conservation, Oceans, and Pollution]]>
						</topic-tags>
					
					
											<description>
							<![CDATA[Marine dead zones spread exponentially, doubling every decade since 1960 Marine &#8216;dead zones&#8217; double every decade Jeremy Hance, mongabay.com August 14, 2008 The number of marine dead zones have doubled every decade since the 1960s and show no sign of abating, warn scientists writing in the journal Science. Dead zones have expanded across the ocean [&#8230;]]]>
						</description>
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							<![CDATA[Marine dead zones spread exponentially, doubling every decade since 1960 Marine &#8216;dead zones&#8217; double every decade Jeremy Hance, mongabay.com August 14, 2008 The number of marine dead zones have doubled every decade since the 1960s and show no sign of abating, warn scientists writing in the journal Science. Dead zones have expanded across the ocean at alarming rates. Currently 415 sites&#8212;usually along coastlines&#8212;have shown signs of seasonal to persistent hypoxia&#8212;a severe lack of oxygen. In a review, researchers Robert Diaz and Rutger Rosenberg argue that marine dead zones have &#8220;become a major worldwide environmental problem&#8221;, occupying a portion of the ocean equal to that of the United Kingdom. Growth continues to accelerate. Dead zones are caused by agricultural runoff, especially nitrogen-rich fertilizers, and the burning of fossil fuels. The pollutants cause marine eutrophication, whereby the ecosystem receives too many nutrients, triggering massive algae blooms, which eventually die and are broken down bacteria. By breaking down the algae the bacteria consume excessive amounts of oxygen, essentially starving the marine system. Estimated N deposition from global total N (NOy and NHx) emissions, totaling 105 Tg N per year. Image appeared in J.N. Galloway et al (2008). &#8220;Transformation of the Nitrogen Cycle: Recent Trends, Questions, and Potential Solutions,&#8221; Science 16 May 2008. The majority of dead zones are near large populations in wealthy nations. For example, the United States&#8217; east coast is covered with hypoxia sites, as is much of western and northern Europe. Such areas&#8212;heavy in industry, fishing, and runoffs from intensive&hellip;This article was originally published on <a href="https://news.mongabay.com/2008/08/marine-dead-zones-double-every-decade/" data-wpel-link="internal">Mongabay</a>]]>
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					<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
										<doi>https://doi.org/10.66709/news-38051</doi>				</item>
						<item>
					<title>U.S. dead zones may reach record levels this summer</title>
					<link>https://news.mongabay.com/2008/07/u-s-dead-zones-may-reach-record-levels-this-summer/</link>
					<comments>https://news.mongabay.com/2008/07/u-s-dead-zones-may-reach-record-levels-this-summer/#respond</comments>
					<pubDate>15 Jul 2008 14:30:39 +0000</pubDate>
											<dc:creator>
							<![CDATA[Mongabay.com]]>
						</dc:creator>
										<author>
						<![CDATA[Rhett Butler]]>
					</author>
															<enclosure url="" type="image/jpeg" />
					<guid isPermaLink="false">http://news.mongabaydev.co.uk/2008/12/u-s-dead-zones-may-reach-record-levels-this-summer/</guid>

					
											<locations>
							<![CDATA[United States]]>
						</locations>
					
											<topic-tags>
							<![CDATA[Agriculture, Dead Zone, Environment, Farming, Fertilizers, Green, Hypoxia, Oceans, and Pollution]]>
						</topic-tags>
					
					
											<description>
							<![CDATA[U.S. dead zones may reach record levels this summer U.S. dead zones may reach record levels this summer mongabay.com July 15, 2008 &#8220;Dead zones&#8221; in the Gulf of Mexico and Chesapeake Bay will likely expand to record levels this summer due to rising rising agricultural runoff in part triggered by large-scale flooding in the Midwest, [&#8230;]]]>
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							<![CDATA[U.S. dead zones may reach record levels this summer U.S. dead zones may reach record levels this summer mongabay.com July 15, 2008 &#8220;Dead zones&#8221; in the Gulf of Mexico and Chesapeake Bay will likely expand to record levels this summer due to rising rising agricultural runoff in part triggered by large-scale flooding in the Midwest, according to a forecast by a researcher from the University of Michigan. Donald Scavia, a professor at the University of Michigan&#8217;s School of Natural Resources and Environment, uses models driven by nutrient load estimates from the U.S. Geological Survey to makes the annual forecast. Scavia predicts that Chesapeake Bay&#8217;s summer dead zone will be 9.9 cubic kilometers (2.4 cubic miles), the sixth-highest on record, although if the area of low oxygen reaches the upper value of the forecast range of 12.3 cubic kilometers (3 cubic miles), it will be the highest on record. The Gulf of Mexico hypoxic zone (i.e., the area of bottom water with oxygen concentraions below 2 mg/l) is the second largest human-caused zone of hypoxia in the world&#8217;s coastal waters. Important fisheries are impacted at these low oxygen levels because fish, shrimp and crabs are forced to move from their preferred habitats and animals that cannot move away die. Below is a graph (www.gulfhypoxia.net) showing the changes in hypoxic volume since routine measurement began. Scavia projects the dead zone in the Gulf of Mexico will cover between 21,500 and 22,500 square kilometers (8,400-8,800 square miles) of bottom waters along the Louisiana-Texas&hellip;This article was originally published on <a href="https://news.mongabay.com/2008/07/u-s-dead-zones-may-reach-record-levels-this-summer/" data-wpel-link="internal">Mongabay</a>]]>
						</content:encoded>
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					<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
										<doi>https://doi.org/10.66709/news-38141</doi>				</item>
						<item>
					<title>Nitrogen pollution harming ecosystems and contributing to global warming</title>
					<link>https://news.mongabay.com/2008/05/nitrogen-pollution-harming-ecosystems-and-contributing-to-global-warming/</link>
					<comments>https://news.mongabay.com/2008/05/nitrogen-pollution-harming-ecosystems-and-contributing-to-global-warming/#respond</comments>
					<pubDate>15 May 2008 14:30:39 +0000</pubDate>
											<dc:creator>
							<![CDATA[Mongabay.com]]>
						</dc:creator>
										<author>
						<![CDATA[Rhett Butler]]>
					</author>
															<enclosure url="" type="image/jpeg" />
					<guid isPermaLink="false">http://news.mongabaydev.co.uk/2008/12/nitrogen-pollution-harming-ecosystems-and-contributing-to-global-warming/</guid>

					
					
											<topic-tags>
							<![CDATA[Agriculture, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Dead Zone, Environment, Eutrophication, Green, Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Hypoxia, Nitrogen Cycle, Oceans, and Pollution]]>
						</topic-tags>
					
					
											<description>
							<![CDATA[Nitrogen pollution harming ecosystems and contributing to global warming Nitrogen pollution harming ecosystems and contributing to global warming mongabay.com May 15, 2008 Nitrogen pollution of the world&#8217;s oceans is harming marine ecosystems and contributing to global warming, report two reviews published in the journal Science. The research, which involved dozens of scientists from around the [&#8230;]]]>
						</description>
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							<![CDATA[Nitrogen pollution harming ecosystems and contributing to global warming Nitrogen pollution harming ecosystems and contributing to global warming mongabay.com May 15, 2008 Nitrogen pollution of the world&#8217;s oceans is harming marine ecosystems and contributing to global warming, report two reviews published in the journal Science. The research, which involved dozens of scientists from around the world, shows that human activity is dramatically altering nitrogen cycles in Earth&#8217;s oceans, soils, and atmosphere. The papers report that agricultural runoff and the burning of fossil fuels have boosted the supply of reactive nitrogen in the open oceans 50 percent above the normal range. The first paper, led by Robert Duce of Texas A&#038;M University, found that nitrogen produced by human activity is responsible for about a third of the nitrous oxide and a tenth of the carbon dioxide input to the world&#8217;s oceans each year. The researchers say the excess nitrogen &#8220;can deplete essential oxygen levels in the water and has significant effects on climate, food production, and ecosystems all over the world,&#8221; according to a statement from Science. Estimated N deposition from global total N (NOy and NHx) emissions, totaling 105 Tg N per year. Courtesy of Science. Duce and colleagues calculate that humans account for up to three percent of the new marine biological production annually. While the increased biological activity sequesters CO2 from the atmosphere, the process produces nitrous oxide (N20), a greenhouse gas far more potent than carbon dioxide. &#8220;This fertilization of the ocean by human activities has an&hellip;This article was originally published on <a href="https://news.mongabay.com/2008/05/nitrogen-pollution-harming-ecosystems-and-contributing-to-global-warming/" data-wpel-link="internal">Mongabay</a>]]>
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					<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
										<doi>https://doi.org/10.66709/news-38297</doi>				</item>
						<item>
					<title>Global warming to worsen ocean dead zones, hurt fisheries</title>
					<link>https://news.mongabay.com/2008/05/global-warming-to-worsen-ocean-dead-zones-hurt-fisheries/</link>
					<comments>https://news.mongabay.com/2008/05/global-warming-to-worsen-ocean-dead-zones-hurt-fisheries/#respond</comments>
					<pubDate>01 May 2008 14:30:39 +0000</pubDate>
											<dc:creator>
							<![CDATA[Mongabay.com]]>
						</dc:creator>
										<author>
						<![CDATA[Rhett Butler]]>
					</author>
															<enclosure url="" type="image/jpeg" />
					<guid isPermaLink="false">http://news.mongabaydev.co.uk/2008/12/global-warming-to-worsen-ocean-dead-zones-hurt-fisheries/</guid>

					
					
											<topic-tags>
							<![CDATA[Dead Zone, Earth Science, Environment, Fish, Fishing, Green, Hypoxia, Impact Of Climate Change, Oceans, and Pollution]]>
						</topic-tags>
					
					
											<description>
							<![CDATA[Global warming to worsen ocean dead zones, hurt fisheries Global warming to worsen ocean dead zones, hurt fisheries mongabay.com May 1, 2008 Warming oceans will worsen oxygen-deficient or hypoxic dead zones, affecting ecosystems and fisheries, warn researchers writing in the journal Science. Constructing a 50-year time series of oxygen concentration in tropical oceans, Lothar Stramma [&#8230;]]]>
						</description>
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							<![CDATA[Global warming to worsen ocean dead zones, hurt fisheries Global warming to worsen ocean dead zones, hurt fisheries mongabay.com May 1, 2008 Warming oceans will worsen oxygen-deficient or hypoxic dead zones, affecting ecosystems and fisheries, warn researchers writing in the journal Science. Constructing a 50-year time series of oxygen concentration in tropical oceans, Lothar Stramma and colleagues show that hypoxic zones have expanded significantly in the past 50 years, especially in the eastern tropical Atlantic and the equatorial Pacific. &#8220;These trends affect carbon and nitrogen cycles, with fundamental implications for marine ecosystems and thereby fisheries resource management issues,&#8221; the authors write. &#8220;Given climate model projections, and the geological record that indicates times of widely distributed suboxic regions, sustained global ocean measurements of dissolved oxygen concentrations are needed&#8230; to more closely monitor variations in the strength and extent of the oxygen-minimum zone.&#8221; While climate-driven oxygen depletion results from the reduced capacity of warm water to store oxygen, hypoxia can also result from pollution. Last month a World Resources Institute study found 415 sites worldwide are suffering from over enrichment by nitrogen and phosphorus mostly as a result of agricultural runoff. Such over enrichment, or eutrophication, can trigger algal blooms that starve waters of oxygen, creating dead zones like that which forms in the Gulf of Mexico near the mouth of the Mississippi each year. Citation: Lothar Stramma, Gregory C. Johnson, Janet Sprintall, Volker Mohrholz (2008). Expanding Oxygen-Minimum Zones in the Tropical Oceans. 2 May 2008.This article was originally published on <a href="https://news.mongabay.com/2008/05/global-warming-to-worsen-ocean-dead-zones-hurt-fisheries/" data-wpel-link="internal">Mongabay</a>]]>
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					<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
										<doi>https://doi.org/10.66709/news-38274</doi>				</item>
						<item>
					<title>Ocean dead zones have nearly quadrupled since 1994</title>
					<link>https://news.mongabay.com/2008/04/ocean-dead-zones-have-nearly-quadrupled-since-1994/</link>
					<comments>https://news.mongabay.com/2008/04/ocean-dead-zones-have-nearly-quadrupled-since-1994/#respond</comments>
					<pubDate>03 Apr 2008 14:30:39 +0000</pubDate>
											<dc:creator>
							<![CDATA[Jeremy Hance]]>
						</dc:creator>
										<author>
						<![CDATA[Rhett Butler]]>
					</author>
															<enclosure url="" type="image/jpeg" />
					<guid isPermaLink="false">http://news.mongabaydev.co.uk/2008/12/ocean-dead-zones-have-nearly-quadrupled-since-1994/</guid>

					
					
											<topic-tags>
							<![CDATA[Agriculture, Dead Zone, Environment, Farming, Green, Hypoxia, Marine Conservation, Oceans, and Pollution]]>
						</topic-tags>
					
					
											<description>
							<![CDATA[Ocean dead zones have nearly quadrupled since 1994 Ocean dead zones have nearly quadrupled since 1994 Coastal ecosystems threatened worldwide by nutrient-rich runoff Jeremy Hance, mongabay.com April 3, 2008 Coastal areas worldwide are suffering from over-enrichment of their waters by nitrogen and phosphorus, finds a new study from the World Resources Institute (WRI). This over-enrichment, [&#8230;]]]>
						</description>
																					<content:encoded>
							<![CDATA[Ocean dead zones have nearly quadrupled since 1994 Ocean dead zones have nearly quadrupled since 1994 Coastal ecosystems threatened worldwide by nutrient-rich runoff Jeremy Hance, mongabay.com April 3, 2008 Coastal areas worldwide are suffering from over-enrichment of their waters by nitrogen and phosphorus, finds a new study from the World Resources Institute (WRI). This over-enrichment, known as eutrophication, causes numerous environmental problems, eventually devastating coastal environments. In overly nutrient-rich waters phytoplankton, micro- and macroalgae grow to excessive portions; these &#8216;algal blooms&#8217; diminish subaquatic vegetation, damage coral reefs, and deplete populations of fish, shellfish, marine mammals, and sea birds. In the worst case scenarios the massive algal blooms form hypoxic or dead zones due to loss of oxygen in the water, essentially condemning the ecosystem. Eutrophication is human-caused. The culprits are agricultural fertilizer, domesticated animal manure, industrial and urban runoff, sewage, and atmospheric nitrogen. These waste products have caused nitrogen and phosphorus to triple in coastal areas in the last fifty years alone. In Europe and the U.S. fertilizer and manure are the main sources, because much of their sewage is treated before entering the water system. In regions like Africa, Latin America, and Asia where sewage and industrial waste are rarely treated, these wastes provide larger sources of nitrogen and phosphorus. This map identifies 415 eutrophic and hypoxic coastal systems worldwide. Of these, 169 are documented hypoxic areas, 233 are areas of concern and 13 are systems in recovery. The map is based on research conducted by WRI’s NutrientNet program&hellip;This article was originally published on <a href="https://news.mongabay.com/2008/04/ocean-dead-zones-have-nearly-quadrupled-since-1994/" data-wpel-link="internal">Mongabay</a>]]>
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					<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
										<doi>https://doi.org/10.66709/news-38360</doi>				</item>
						<item>
					<title>Corn ethanol is worsening the Gulf dead zone</title>
					<link>https://news.mongabay.com/2008/03/corn-ethanol-is-worsening-the-gulf-dead-zone/</link>
					<comments>https://news.mongabay.com/2008/03/corn-ethanol-is-worsening-the-gulf-dead-zone/#respond</comments>
					<pubDate>10 Mar 2008 14:30:39 +0000</pubDate>
											<dc:creator>
							<![CDATA[Mongabay.com]]>
						</dc:creator>
										<author>
						<![CDATA[Rhett Butler]]>
					</author>
															<enclosure url="" type="image/jpeg" />
					<guid isPermaLink="false">http://news.mongabaydev.co.uk/2008/12/corn-ethanol-is-worsening-the-gulf-dead-zone/</guid>

					
											<locations>
							<![CDATA[United States]]>
						</locations>
					
											<topic-tags>
							<![CDATA[Agriculture, Bioenergy, Biofuels, Corn, Dead Zone, Deforestation, Energy, Environment, Ethanol, Farming, Fertilizers, Green, Hypoxia, Oceans, Pollution, Renewable Energy, Rivers, and Subsidies]]>
						</topic-tags>
					
					
											<description>
							<![CDATA[Corn ethanol is worsening the Gulf dead zone Corn ethanol is worsening the Gulf dead zone mongabay.com March 10, 2008 Proposed legislation that will expand corn-ethanol production in the United States will worsen the growing &#8220;dead zone&#8221; in the Gulf of Mexico and hurt marine fisheries, report researchers writing in the Proceedings of the National [&#8230;]]]>
						</description>
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							<![CDATA[Corn ethanol is worsening the Gulf dead zone Corn ethanol is worsening the Gulf dead zone mongabay.com March 10, 2008 Proposed legislation that will expand corn-ethanol production in the United States will worsen the growing &#8220;dead zone&#8221; in the Gulf of Mexico and hurt marine fisheries, report researchers writing in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS). The dead zone, an expanse of water so devoid of oxygen that sea life cannot live in it, partly results from the use of nitrogen-based fertilizers for corn crop. With corn acreage rapidly expanding in the U.S. as a result of subsidies for ethanol production, more fertilizers are ending up in the Gulf: each year an estimated 210 million pounds of excess nitrates are carried to the Gulf promoting massive algae blooms that fuel the hypoxia. These images show how ocean color changes from winter to summer in the Gulf of Mexico. Summertime satellite observations of ocean color from MODIS/Aqua show highly turbid waters which may include large blooms of phytoplankton extending from the mouth of the Mississippi River all the way to the Texas coast. When these blooms die and sink to the bottom, bacterial decomposition strips oxygen from the surrounding water, creating an environment very difficult for marine life to survive in. Reds and oranges represent high concentrations of phytoplankton and river sediment. Images and caption text courtesy of NASA&#8217;s Goddard Space Flight Center. Under a recent U.S. Senate energy policy proposal to manufacture of 15 billion to 36&hellip;This article was originally published on <a href="https://news.mongabay.com/2008/03/corn-ethanol-is-worsening-the-gulf-dead-zone/" data-wpel-link="internal">Mongabay</a>]]>
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					<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
										<doi>https://doi.org/10.66709/news-38445</doi>				</item>
						<item>
					<title>Why are oceans at risk from global warming?</title>
					<link>https://news.mongabay.com/2008/02/why-are-oceans-at-risk-from-global-warming/</link>
					<comments>https://news.mongabay.com/2008/02/why-are-oceans-at-risk-from-global-warming/#respond</comments>
					<pubDate>17 Feb 2008 14:30:39 +0000</pubDate>
											<dc:creator>
							<![CDATA[Mongabay.com]]>
						</dc:creator>
										<author>
						<![CDATA[Rhett Butler]]>
					</author>
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					<guid isPermaLink="false">http://news.mongabaydev.co.uk/2008/12/why-are-oceans-at-risk-from-global-warming/</guid>

					
					
											<topic-tags>
							<![CDATA[Carbon Dioxide, Climate Change, Coral Reefs, Dead Zone, Earth Science, Environment, Green, Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Impact Of Climate Change, Ocean Acidification, and Oceans]]>
						</topic-tags>
					
					
											<description>
							<![CDATA[Why are oceans at risk from global warming? Why are oceans at risk from global warming? mongabay.com February 17, 2008 Climate change is putting the world&#8217;s oceans at risk by increasing the temperature and acidity of seawater, and altering atmospheric and oceanic circulation, warned a panel of scientists this week at the American Association for [&#8230;]]]>
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							<![CDATA[Why are oceans at risk from global warming? Why are oceans at risk from global warming? mongabay.com February 17, 2008 Climate change is putting the world&#8217;s oceans at risk by increasing the temperature and acidity of seawater, and altering atmospheric and oceanic circulation, warned a panel of scientists this week at the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) annual meeting in Boston. The vastness of our oceans may have engendered a sense of complacency about potential impacts from global climate change, said Jane Lubchenco, a marine biologist at Oregon State University and moderator of the panel. The worlds oceans are undergoing profound physical, chemical and biological changes whose impacts are just beginning to be felt. Ocean ecosystems are facing new stresses and new combinations of stress, said Gretchen Hofmann, a molecular physiologist at the University of California, Santa Barbara. The water is warmer, circulation patterns are changing in unpredictable ways, and oceans are becoming acidic. Particularly at risk are coral reefs. Rising temperatures increase the risk of coral bleaching, while elevated carbon dioxide concentrations increase ocean acidity, making it more difficult for corals to form their calcium carbonate structural basis. Coral bleaching occurs when symbiotic algae that provide corals with sustenance are expelled, leaving corals more susceptible to disease and death. Research published over the past year indicates that PETM climate change helped drive the evolution of modern primates by causing the dispersal of tarsier-like primates across the globe. Carbon dioxide levels threaten oceans regardless of global warming&hellip;This article was originally published on <a href="https://news.mongabay.com/2008/02/why-are-oceans-at-risk-from-global-warming/" data-wpel-link="internal">Mongabay</a>]]>
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										<doi>https://doi.org/10.66709/news-38550</doi>				</item>
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