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Dust may weaken Atlantic hurricanes
mongabay.com
October 9, 2006


Sahara Desert dust may weaken Atlantic hurricanes according to a new study published in the latest issue of the journal Geophysical Research Letters


An image, captured on Sept. 4, 2005, by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer aboard NASA's TERRA satellite, shows a massive dust storm (in yellow) blowing off the western coast of Africa over the Atlantic Ocean. Amato Evan, a researcher at the UW-Madison Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies, has found a surprising link between hurricane frequency in the Atlantic Ocean and dust storms that periodically rise up from the Sahara desert and move west. Evan and others suggest that such atmospheric dust could be helping to "dampen" brewing hurricanes. Photo by: NASA/courtesy Amato Evan




Examining 25 years of satellite data, researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison found a correlation between Atlantic hurricane frequency and dust clouds that rise from the Sahara Desert and blow off the west African coast. Lead author Amato Evan, a scientist at University of Wisconsin-Madison's Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies, says that periods of intense hurricane activity are characterized by low amounts of dust in the atmosphere, while periods of low hurricane activity came when stronger dust storms were prevalent.

"These findings are important because they show that long-term changes in hurricanes may be related to many different factors," said co-author Jonathan Foley, director of Wisconsin-Madison-Madison's Center for Sustainability and the Global Environment. "While a great deal of work has focused on the links between [hurricanes] and warming ocean temperatures, this research adds another piece to the puzzle."

The scientists say the findings could help better forecast hurricane seasons, though the research doesn't yet confirm whether dust storms directly influence hurricanes.

"What we don't know is whether the dust affects the hurricanes directly, or whether both [dust and hurricanes] are responding to the same large scale atmospheric changes around the tropical Atlantic," added Foley. "That's what future research needs to find out."

Related

Tree rings could settle global warming hurricane debate
Scientists have shown that ancient tree rings could help settle the debate as to whether hurricanes are strengthening in intensity due to global warming. By measuring different isotopes of oxygen present in the rings, Professors Claudia Mora and Henri Grissino-Mayer of the University of Tennessee have identified periods when hurricanes hit areas of the Southeastern United States up to 500 years ago. The research could help create a record of hurricanes that would help researchers understand hurricane frequency and intensity. Currently reliable history for hurricanes only dates back a generation or so. Prior to that, the official hurricane records kept by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Atlantic basin hurricane database (HURDAT) are controversial at best since storm data from more than 20 years ago is not nearly as accurate as current hurricane data due to improvements in tracking technology. The lack of a credible baseline makes it nearly impossible to accurately compare storm frequency and strength over the period.

More articles on hurricanes




This article uses quotes and information from a University of Wisconsin-Madison news release.



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