Malaysian plantation goes green to earn carbon credits
An oil palm plantation yields a huge amount of "waste" biomass that normally gets burned in the open air. For each ton of palm oil produced, around 5 tons of palm fronds, 1 ton of palm trunks, 1 ton of empty fruit bunches, 750kg of press fibre, half a ton of palm nut kernels and a few hundred kilos of palm kernel press cake becomes available as "waste". Added to this, the processing of fresh fruit bunches coming from one hectare, releases some 100 tonnes of 'palm oil mill effluent', an organic sludge. In total, one hectare of Elaeis trees yields some 5 tons of oil, and 40 tons of solid residual biomass. Now if this biomass is burned, a lot of CO2 is released into the atmosphere. It would be wiser to use this solid biomass for energy production, so that the CO2 emissions are not released in vain and don't contribute to global warming.
It is becoming apparent that oil palm plantations have to clean up their act on almost all fronts. Instead of expanding and destroying more rainforest, they should intensify and develop higher yielding varieties that can increase productivity on plantations that already exist. The practise of clearing and burning rainforests not only means eliminating its biodiversity (which is bad enough), it also means releasing enormous amounts of dangerous CO2 into the atmosphere. Instead of burning waste streams and diverting mill effluents into rivers, the energy contained in the waste should be used, as green energy.
This is exactly what one of Malaysia's oldest estates, United Plantations Bhd, is now doing. The plantation's new bioenergy facilities make it one of the country's first companies to start earning carbon credits. A new biomass power plant and a biogas plant have been installed. The first plant uses the solid biofuels, whereas the biogas plant uses palm oil mill effluent and easily degradable biomass.
The two power systems will reduce dependence on fuel oil (diesel) that is used in the plantations' housing, processing and transport facilities. More importantly, they will slash the amount of carbon coming from the plantation by up to 40 per cent per year. These reductions will be reflected as carbon credits, so-called 'certified emission reductions' (CERs) of greenhouse gases, that it agreed last year to sell to the Danish government, as part of a Clean Development Mechanism project (the 'registered projects' database shows there are several similar projects with palm oil waste biomass under review):
biomass :: bioenergy :: biofuels :: energy :: sustainability :: palm oil :: waste :: biogas :: Malaysia :: Denmark ::
CERs are beginning to be traded in a small but growing market in Europe, as part of efforts to meet targets under the Kyoto Protocol. The European 'Emissions Trading Scheme' (ETS) puts a cap on how much producers can emit and allow them to buy carbon credits to offset what they cannot reduce.
The company is also launching a new variety of oil palm that could yield roughly 40 per cent more per hectare than its current crops produce. The new variety could produce up to 8 tonnes a hectare, compared with 5.65 tonnes for the current varieties, and the national average of 3.85 tonnes. Bek-Nielsen said its research centre had made a technological breakthrough in tissue cultivation and oil palm seed cloning.
Article continues
It is becoming apparent that oil palm plantations have to clean up their act on almost all fronts. Instead of expanding and destroying more rainforest, they should intensify and develop higher yielding varieties that can increase productivity on plantations that already exist. The practise of clearing and burning rainforests not only means eliminating its biodiversity (which is bad enough), it also means releasing enormous amounts of dangerous CO2 into the atmosphere. Instead of burning waste streams and diverting mill effluents into rivers, the energy contained in the waste should be used, as green energy.
This is exactly what one of Malaysia's oldest estates, United Plantations Bhd, is now doing. The plantation's new bioenergy facilities make it one of the country's first companies to start earning carbon credits. A new biomass power plant and a biogas plant have been installed. The first plant uses the solid biofuels, whereas the biogas plant uses palm oil mill effluent and easily degradable biomass.
The two power systems will reduce dependence on fuel oil (diesel) that is used in the plantations' housing, processing and transport facilities. More importantly, they will slash the amount of carbon coming from the plantation by up to 40 per cent per year. These reductions will be reflected as carbon credits, so-called 'certified emission reductions' (CERs) of greenhouse gases, that it agreed last year to sell to the Danish government, as part of a Clean Development Mechanism project (the 'registered projects' database shows there are several similar projects with palm oil waste biomass under review):
biomass :: bioenergy :: biofuels :: energy :: sustainability :: palm oil :: waste :: biogas :: Malaysia :: Denmark ::
CERs are beginning to be traded in a small but growing market in Europe, as part of efforts to meet targets under the Kyoto Protocol. The European 'Emissions Trading Scheme' (ETS) puts a cap on how much producers can emit and allow them to buy carbon credits to offset what they cannot reduce.
The company is also launching a new variety of oil palm that could yield roughly 40 per cent more per hectare than its current crops produce. The new variety could produce up to 8 tonnes a hectare, compared with 5.65 tonnes for the current varieties, and the national average of 3.85 tonnes. Bek-Nielsen said its research centre had made a technological breakthrough in tissue cultivation and oil palm seed cloning.
Article continues
Saturday, September 16, 2006
Turning pest into profit: water hyacinth biogas project in India
Now the Kottappuram Integrated Development Society (KIDS) of India which promotes 'bottom-up' environmental and bioenergy services for thousands of poor people, is taking on its most challenging project to date: using the hyacinth as a major resource to enhance access to energy, drinking water and mobility. With the support of the India-Canada Environment Facility (ICEF), KIDS will implement the Water Hyacinth Project through "self-help groups" (an approach often found in India, whereby villagers teach each other how to implement projects).
Organic products instead of plastics
"The project will provide livelihood for poor rural women. It is expected to become a model for eco-restoration of water bodies infested with water hyacinth," KIDS Director Fr Johnson Panketh says [G-cache]. The local bodies and the government spent a major portion of their revenue on de-weeding water hyacinth. But according to KIDS, they failed miserably in their mission as the weed spreads incredibly fast. Under these circumstances, the research wing of KIDS explored the possibility of converting the water hyacinth's fibres as a raw material to make value-added products like bags, purses, baskets and containers.
“The project will be instrumental in ensuring cleaner water bodies. It will also reduce the cost of de-weeding and serve as an alternative for plastic products. It will go a long way in influencing policy makers to formulate effective and profitable management of inland water resources infested with water hyacinth,” said Fr Jobby Kallarackal, Assistant Director, KIDS. Training would be given to 10 self-help groups for skill upgrading and design development of water hyacinth handicraft. Awareness programmes will also be held at various villages, said Sunny George, project director.
Organic fertilizer and biogas
KIDS also found additional advantage in the project by making high-quality vermi compost and vermi water which can be used as fertiliser, Fr Panketh said.
biomass :: bioenergy :: biofuels :: energy :: sustainability :: water hyacinth :: biogas :: India ::
At a two-day state-level dissemination workshop entitled "Water hyacinth - A menace turned into resource" on the KIDS' campus at Kottappuram, Revenue Minister K.P. Rajendran, who was the chief guest at the function, said that the Water Hyacinth Project had a futuristic vision. He inaugurated the biogas plant functioning with water hyacinth as raw material. "It is an innovative natural resource management project which should be replicated in many areas to remove the menace while making effective utilisation of the resource potential for a livelihood", said Satyanarayana, Director of ICEF.
Water hyacinth biogas projects would be very beneficial in Central Africa, where the weed poses great damage to the livelihoods of many people.
Article continues
posted by Biopact team at 2:34 PM 0 comments links to this post