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World population growth rate continues to plummet




World population growth rate continues to plummet


World population growth rate continues to plummet
An updated report from the U.N. finds population trends
In many countries population not replacing itself
mongabay.com
May 2, 2005

According to figures released earlier this year by the UN, global birth rates fell to the lowest level in recorded history with the average woman in the developing world having 2.9 children, down from an average of nearly 6 babies in the 1970s. UN demographers also predict that fertility in most of the developing world will fall below the replacement level (2.1 children per woman) before the end of the 21st century. Factors leading to falling birth rates include increased level education for women, the use of contraceptives, and urbanization.


20 less developed countries where fertility is at or below replacement levels:
Armenia, Barbados, Chile, China, Cuba, Cyprus, Georgia, Guadeloupe, Hong Kong, Iran, Kazakhstan, Macao, Martinique, North Korea, Puerto Rico, Saint Lucia, Singapore, Thailand, Trinidad and Tobago.

Already, in 20 countries births have fallen below the number needed to maintain current population levels and the UN projects that by 2050, 75 percent of less developed countries will be experiencing below-replacement fertility. China, which implemented a strict one-child per family policy in 1979, has the largest drop in fertility rates with an average of 4.3 fewer children per woman since 1970.

Developed countries face declining populations

While around one-third of countries now have birthrates below replacement level, the lowest fertility rates are in the world’s 44 most developed countries, which account for 19 per cent of the world population. All except Albania have fertility below replacement level and 15, mostly located in Southern and Eastern Europe, have reached levels of fertility unprecedented in human history (below 1.3 children per woman). Japan, Italy, Spain, Germany, and most of the successor States of the former USSR are expected to have significantly lower populations by 2050. In contrast, the United States — which has the highest fertility rate of rich countries — is projected to be the seventh largest contributor to world population growth over the next five decades.

Because of its low and declining rate of population growth, the population of developed countries as a whole is expected to remain virtually unchanged between 2005 and 2050, at about 1.2 billion. In contrast, the population of the 50 least developed countries is projected to more than double, passing from 0.8 billion in 2005 to 1.7 billion in 2050. Some of these country are expected to experience very rapid population growth: between 2005 and 2050, the population is projected to at least triple in Afghanistan, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Chad, Congo, the Democratic Republic of Congo, East Timor, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Niger and Uganda. Growth in the rest of the developing world is also projected to be robust, though less rapid, with its population rising from 4.5 billion to 6.1 billion between 2005 and 2050.

World population may peak around 9 billion

According to the U.N. report, by July 2005, the world population will stand at 6.5 billion, about 380 million more than in 2000 or a gain of 76 million annually. Despite the projected lower fertility levels, by 2050 the world population is expected to reach 9.1 billion. If fertility rates remain at current levels of 2.6 children per woman, by 2005 the world would have 10.7 billion inhabitants.

During 2005-2050, nine countries are expected to account for half of the world’s projected population increase: India, Pakistan, Nigeria, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Bangladesh, Uganda, the United States of America, Ethiopia and China, listed according to the size of their contribution to population growth. India is expected to surpass China as the world’s most populous country by around 2025.

OTHER TRENDS

Aging world

U.N. demographers project the average life expectancy of a child born in 2050 will be 75. A child born today is expected to live, on average, until 65, while 50 years ago life expectancy at birth was 46 years. In the more developed regions, the projected increase is from 75 years today to 82 years by mid-century.

Increasing life expectancy, when combined with declines in fertility, will produce a trend of population ageing, whereby the share of older persons in a population increases relative to that of younger persons. According the the report:

Among the least developed countries, where life expectancy today is just under 50 years, it is expected to be 66 years in 2045-2050 while in the rest of the developing world, life expectancy is projected to rise from just under 66 years today to 76 years by mid-century. Due to the high prevalence of HIV/AIDS in some developing regions, the projected increase in life expectancy in less developed countries is dependent on the implementation of effective programs to prevent and treat HIV infection.

Impact of HIV/AIDS

U.N. demographers project that HIV/AIDS will remain unchanged until 2010 after which point “prevalence levels are assumed to decline in a manner consistent with modifications of behaviour that reduce the rates of recruitment into the high risk groups as well as the chances of infection among those engaging in high risk behaviour.”

Urbanization

The continuing urbanization trend has had perhaps the largest impact on the fall of fertility rates and population growth. Cities are population sinks primarily due to their tendency to diminish the utility of children — while children are an asset in rural areas, they are a liability in the city — and to increase levels of education among women. Educated women tend to get married later in life and have fewer children. Today average age for marriage for women is 23 and 27 for men.

Population figures from the United Nations
Using medium variant projections

Year Population
(thousands)
Percentage urban
Percent
Urban population
(thousands)
1950 2 519 470 29.1 732 974
1955 2 757 399 30.9 852 556
1960 3 023 812 32.9 993 521
1965 3 337 974 34.7 1 159 063
1970 3 696 588 36 1 331 023
1975 4 073 740 37.3 1 518 425
1980 4 442 295 39.2 1 739 826
1985 4 843 947 41.1 1 989 845
1990 5 279 519 43.2 2 280 119
1995 5 692 353 45.1 2 564 960
2000 6 085 572 47.1 2 863 982
2005 6 464 750 49.2
2010 6 842 923 51.3 3 511 834
2015 7 219 431 53.6 3 867 755
2020 7 577 889 55.9 4 236 446
2025 7 905 239 58.3 4 610 560
2030 8 199 104 60.8 4 986 617
2035 8 463 265
2040 8 701 319
2045 8 907 417
2050 9 075 903


Source: Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat, World Population Prospects: The 2004 Revision and World Urbanization Prospects: The 2003 Revision, http://esa.un.org/unpp, 02 May 2005; 11:51:16 AM.

Migration

According to the report, migration will continue to have a significant impact on population trends.

A more extensive discussion of the key findings of the 2004 Revision is available at www.unpopulation.org. The full results of the 2004 Revision will be issued in a series of three volumes and a wall chart that are currently under preparation. Data on particular countries can also be accessed online at the website of the Population Division.

WORLD POPULATION FIGURES
By country. All figures from the CIA World Factbook 2005

Country Total fertility rate
(children born/woman)
Net migration rate
(migrant(s)/1,000 population)
HIV/AIDS
adult prevalence rate (%)
Population
growth rate (%)
Afghanistan 6.75 (2005 est.) 21.43 (2005 est.) 0.01% (2001 est.) 4.77%
Albania 2.04 (2005 est.) -4.8 (2005 est.) NA% 0.52% (2005 est.)
Algeria 1.92 (2005 est.) -0.37 (2005 est.) 0.1%(2001 est.) 1.22% (2005 est.)
American Samoa 3.25 (2005 est.) -20.89 (2005 est.) NA -0.11% (2005 est.)
Andorra 1.29 (2005 est.) 6.53 (2005 est.) NA% 0.95% (2005 est.)
Angola 6.27 (2005 est.) 0.28 (2005 est.) 3.9% (2003 est.) 1.9% (2005 est.)
Anguilla 1.73 (2005 est.) 8.83 (2005 est.) NA 1.77% (2005 est.)
Antigua and Barbuda 2.26 (2005 est.) -6.11 (2005 est.) NA 0.57% (2005 est.)
Argentina 2.19 (2005 est.) 0.4 (2005 est.) 0.7% (2001 est.) 0.98% (2005 est.)
Armenia 1.32 (2005 est.) -6.1 (2005 est.) 0.1% (2003 est.) -0.25% (2005 est.)
Aruba 1.79 (2005 est.) 0 (2005 est.) NA 0.47% (2005 est.)
Australia 1.76 (2005 est.) 3.91 (2005 est.) 0.1% (2003 est.) 0.87% (2005 est.)
Austria 1.36 (2005 est.) 1.97 (2005 est.) 0.3% (2003 est.) 0.11% (2005 est.)
Azerbaijan 2.44 (2005 est.) -4.64 (2005 est.) less than 0.1% (2003 est.) 0.59% (2005 est.)
Bahamas, The 2.2 (2005 est.) -2.18 (2005 est.) 3% (2003 est.) 0.67% (2005 est.)
Bahrain 2.63 (2005 est.) 1.04 (2005 est.) 0.2% (2001 est.) 1.51% (2005 est.)
Bangladesh 3.13 (2005 est.) -0.69 (2005 est.) less than 0.1% (2001 est.) 2.09% (2005 est.)
Barbados 1.65 (2005 est.) -0.31 (2005 est.) 1.5% (2003 est.) 0.33% (2005 est.)
Belarus 1.39 (2005 est.) 2.42 (2005 est.) 0.3% (2001 est.) -0.09% (2005 est.)
Belgium 1.64 (2005 est.) 1.23 (2005 est.) 0.2% (2003 est.) 0.15% (2005 est.)
Belize 3.68 (2005 est.) 0 (2005 est.) 2.4% (2003 est.) 2.33% (2005 est.)
Benin 5.86 (2005 est.) 0 (2005 est.) 1.9% (2003 est.) 2.82% (2005 est.)
Bermuda 1.89 (2005 est.) 2.45 (2005 est.) NA 0.64% (2005 est.)
Bhutan 4.81 (2005 est.) 0 (2005 est.) less than 0.1% (2001 est.) 2.11% (2005 est.)
Bolivia 2.94 (2005 est.) -1.27 (2005 est.) 0.1% (2003 est.) 1.49% (2005 est.)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 1.71 (2005 est.) 0.3 (2005 est.) less than 0.1% (2001 est.) 0.44% (2005 est.)
Botswana 2.85 (2005 est.) 6.07 (2005 est.) 37.3% (2003 est.) 0% (2005 est.)
Brazil 1.93 (2005 est.) -0.03 (2005 est.) 0.7% (2003 est.) 1.06% (2005 est.)
British Virgin Islands 1.72 (2005 est.) 10.01 (2005 est.) NA 2.06% (2005 est.)
Brunei 2.3 (2005 est.) 3.45 (2005 est.) less than 0.1% (2003 est.) 1.9% (2005 est.)
Bulgaria 1.38 (2005 est.) -4.3 (2005 est.) less than 0.1%(2001 est.) -0.89% (2005 est.)
Burkina Faso 6.23 (2005 est.) 0 (2005 est.) 4.2% (2003 est.) 2.53% (2005 est.)
Burma 2.01 (2005 est.) -1.8 (2005 est.) 1.2% (2003 est.) 0.42% (2005 est.)
Burundi 5.81 (2005 est.) 0 (2005 est.) 6% (2003 est.) 2.22% (2005 est.)
Cambodia 3.44 (2005 est.) 0 (2005 est.) 2.6% (2003 est.) 1.81% (2005 est.)
Cameroon 4.47 (2005 est.) 0 (2005 est.) 6.9% (2003 est.) 1.93% (2005 est.)
Canada 1.61 (2005 est.) 5.9 (2005 est.) 0.3% (2003 est.) 0.9% (2005 est.)
Cape Verde 3.48 (2005 est.) -11.99 (2005 est.) 0.035% (2001 est.) 0.67% (2005 est.)
Cayman Islands 1.9 (2005 est.) 18.25 (note E) NA 2.64% (2005 est.)
Central African Republic 4.5 (2005 est.) 0 (2005 est.) 13.5% (2003 est.) 1.49% (2005 est.)
Chad 6.32 (2005 est.) -0.11 (2005 est.) 4.8% (2003 est.) 2.95% (2005 est.)
Chile 2.02 (2005 est.) 0 (2005 est.) 0.3% (2003 est.) 0.97% (2005 est.)
China 1.72 (2005 est.) -0.4 (2005 est.) 0.1% (2003 est.) 0.58% (2005 est.)
Christmas Island NA NA NA 0% (2005 est.)
Cocos (Keeling) Islands NA NA NA 0% (2005 est.)
Colombia 2.56 (2005 est.) -0.31 (2005 est.) 0.7% (2003 est.) 1.49% (2005 est.)
Comoros 5.09 (2005 est.) 0 (2005 est.) 0.12% (2001 est.) 2.91% (2005 est.)
Congo, Democratic Republic of the 6.54 (2005 est.) -0.17 (note F) 4.2% (2003 est.) 2.98% (2005 est.)
Congo, Republic of the 3.54 (2005 est.) 0 (2005 est.) 4.9% (2003 est.) 1.31% (2005 est.)
Cook Islands NA (2005 est.) NA NA
Costa Rica 2.28 (2005 est.) 0.5 (2005 est.) 0.6% (2003 est.) 1.48% (2005 est.)
Cote d’Ivoire 4.58 (2005 est.) 0 (2005 est.) 7% (2003 est.) 2.06% (2005 est.)
Croatia 1.39 (2005 est.) 1.58 (2005 est.) less than 0.1% (2001 est.) -0.02% (2005 est.)
Cuba 1.66 (2005 est.) -1.58 (2005 est.) less than 0.1% (2003 est.) 0.33% (2005 est.)
Cyprus 1.83 (2005 est.) 0.43 (2005 est.) 0.1% (2003 est.) 0.54% (2005 est.)
Czech Republic 1.2 (2005 est.) 0.97 (2005 est.) less than 0.1% (2001 est.) -0.05% (2005 est.)
Denmark 1.74 (2005 est.) 2.53 (2005 est.) 0.2% (2003 est.) 0.34% (2005 est.)
Djibouti 5.4 (2005 est.) 0 (2005 est.) 2.9% (2003 est.) 2.06% (2005 est.)
Dominica 1.96 (2005 est.) -11.6 (2005 est.) NA -0.27% (2005 est.)
Dominican Republic 2.86 (2005 est.) -3.02 (2005 est.) 1.7% (2003 est.) 1.29% (2005 est.)
East Timor 3.61 (2005 est.) 0 (2005 est.) NA 2.09% (2005 est.)
Ecuador 2.72 (2005 est.) -6.07 (2005 est.) 0.3% (2003 est.) 1.24% (2005 est.)
Egypt 2.88 (2005 est.) -0.22 (2005 est.) less than 0.1% (2001 est.) 1.78% (2005 est.)
El Salvador 3.16 (2005 est.) -3.67 (2005 est.) 0.7% (2003 est.) 1.75% (2005 est.)
Equatorial Guinea 4.62 (2005 est.) 0 (2005 est.) 3.4% (2001 est.) 2.42% (2005 est.)
Eritrea 5.61 (2005 est.) 0 (note G) 2.7% (2003 est.) 2.51% (2005 est.)
Estonia 1.39 (2005 est.) -3.18 (2005 est.) 1.1% (2001 est.) -0.65% (2005 est.)
Ethiopia 5.33 (2005 est.) 0 (note H) 4.4% (2003 est.) 2.36% (2005 est.)
European Union 1.48 (July 2005 est.) 1.5 (July 2005 est.) NA% 0.16% (July 2005 est.)
Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) NA (2005 est.) NA (2005 est.) NA 2.44% (2005 est.)
Faroe Islands 2.2 (2005 est.) 0.94 (2005 est.) NA% 0.62% (2005 est.)
Fiji 2.75 (2005 est.) -3.04 (2005 est.) 0.1% (2003 est.) 1.4% (2005 est.)
Finland 1.73 (2005 est.) 0.89 (2005 est.) less than 0.1% (2003 est.) 0.16% (2005 est.)
France 1.85 (2005 est.) 0.66 (2005 est.) 0.4% (2003 est.) 0.37% (2005 est.)
French Guiana 3.01 (2005 est.) 5.11 (2005 est.) NA% 2.1% (2005 est.)
French Polynesia 2.04 (2005 est.) 2.89 (2005 est.) NA% 1.52% (2005 est.)
Gabon 4.77 (2005 est.) 0 (2005 est.) 8.1% (2003 est.) 2.45% (2005 est.)
Gambia, The 5.38 (2005 est.) 1.27 (2005 est.) 1.2% (2003 est.) 2.93% (2005 est.)
Gaza Strip 5.91 (2005 est.) 1.54 (2005 est.) NA 3.77% (2005 est.)
Georgia 1.41 (2005 est.) -4.62 (2005 est.) less than 0.1% (2001 est.) -0.35% (2005 est.)
Germany 1.39 (2005 est.) 2.18 (2005 est.) 0.1% (2001 est.) 0% (2005 est.)
Ghana 3.02 (2005 est.) -0.59 (2005 est.) 3.1% (2003 est.) 1.25% (2005 est.)
Gibraltar 1.65 (2005 est.) 0 (2005 est.) NA% 0.17% (2005 est.)
Greece 1.33 (2005 est.) 2.34 (2005 est.) 0.2% (2001 est.) 0.19% (2005 est.)
Greenland 2.41 (2005 est.) -8.37 (2005 est.) NA% -0.02% (2005 est.)
Grenada 2.37 (2005 est.) -13.25 (2005 est.) NA 0.19% (2005 est.)
Guadeloupe 1.91 (2005 est.) -0.15 (2005 est.) NA% 0.92% (2005 est.)
Guam 2.6 (2005 est.) 0 (2005 est.) NA 1.46% (2005 est.)
Guatemala 4.53 (2005 est.) -1.63 (2005 est.) 1.1% (2003 est.) 2.57% (2005 est.)
Guernsey 1.38 (2005 est.) 3.83 (2005 est.) NA% 0.29% (2005 est.)
Guinea 5.83 (2005 est.) -2.99 (note H) 3.2% (2003 est.) 2.37% (2005 est.)
Guinea-Bissau 4.93 (2005 est.) -1.54 (2005 est.) 10% (2003 est.) 1.96% (2005 est.)
Guyana 2.05 (2005 est.) -7.51 (2005 est.) 2.5% (2003 est.) 0.26% (2005 est.)
Haiti 5.02 (2005 est.) -1.68 (2005 est.) 5.6% (2003 est.) 2.26% (2005 est.)
Holy See (Vatican City) NA% 0.01% (2005 est.)
Honduras 3.87 (2005 est.) -1.95 (2005 est.) 1.8% (2003 est.) 2.16% (2005 est.)
Hong Kong 0.91 (2005 est.) 5.24 (2005 est.) 0.1% (2003 est.) 0.65% (2005 est.)
Hungary 1.32 (2005 est.) 0.86 (2005 est.) 0.1% (2001 est.) -0.26% (2005 est.)
Iceland 1.92 (2005 est.) 2.06 (2005 est.) 0.2% (2001 est.) 0.91% (2005 est.)
India 2.78 (2005 est.) -0.07 (2005 est.) 0.9% (2001 est.) 1.4% (2005 est.)
Indonesia 2.44 (2005 est.) 0 (2005 est.) 0.1% (2003 est.) 1.45% (2005 est.)
Iran 1.82 (2005 est.) -2.64 (2005 est.) less than 0.1% (2001 est.) 0.86% (2005 est.)
Iraq 4.28 (2005 est.) 0 (2005 est.) less than 0.1% (2001 est.) 2.7% (2005 est.)
Ireland 1.87 (2005 est.) 4.93 (2005 est.) 0.1% (2001 est.) 1.16% (2005 est.)
Israel 2.44 (2005 est.) 0 (2005 est.) 0.1% (2001 est.) 1.2% (2005 est.)
Italy 1.28 (2005 est.) 2.07 (2005 est.) 0.5% (2001 est.) 0.07% (2005 est.)
Jamaica 1.95 (2005 est.) -4.07 (2005 est.) 1.2% (2003 est.) 0.71% (2005 est.)
Japan 1.39 (2005 est.) 0 (2005 est.) less than 0.1% (2003 est.) 0.05% (2005 est.)
Jersey 1.57 (2005 est.) 2.75 (2005 est.) NA% 0.32% (2005 est.)
Jordan 2.71 (2005 est.) 6.42 (2005 est.) less than 0.1% (2001 est.) 2.56% (2005 est.)
Kazakhstan 1.89 (2005 est.) -3.34 (2005 est.) 0.2% (2001 est.) 0.3% (2005 est.)
Kenya 4.96 (2005 est.) 0.08 (note J) 6.7% (2003 est.) 2.56% (2005 est.)
Kiribati 4.2 (2005 est.) 0 (2005 est.) NA 2.25% (2005 est.)
Korea, North 2.15 (2005 est.) 0 (2005 est.) NA 0.9% (2005 est.)
Korea, South 1.26 (2005 est.) 0 (2005 est.) less than 0.1% (2003 est.) 0.38% (2005 est.)
Kuwait 2.97 (2005 est.) 14.96 (2005 est.) 0.12% (2001 est.) 3.44%
Kyrgyzstan 2.7 (2005 est.) -2.47 (2005 est.) less than 0.1% (2001 est.) 1.29% (2005 est.)
Laos 4.77 (2005 est.) 0 (2005 est.) 0.1% (2003 est.) 2.42% (2005 est.)
Latvia 1.26 (2005 est.) -2.24 (2005 est.) 0.6% (2001 est.) -0.69% (2005 est.)
Lebanon 1.92 (2005 est.) 0 (2005 est.) 0.1% (2001 est.) 1.26% (2005 est.)
Lesotho 3.35 (2005 est.) -0.74 (2005 est.) 28.9% (2003 est.) 0.08% (2005 est.)
Liberia 6.09 (2005 est.) 0 (note K) 5.9% (2003 est.) 2.64% (2005 est.)
Libya 3.34 (2005 est.) 0 (2005 est.) 0.3% (2001 est.) 2.33% (2005 est.)
Liechtenstein 1.51 (2005 est.) 4.8 (2005 est.) NA% 0.82% (2005 est.)
Lithuania 1.19 (2005 est.) -0.71 (2005 est.) 0.1% (2001 est.) -0.3% (2005 est.)
Luxembourg 1.79 (2005 est.) 8.86 (2005 est.) 0.2% (2001 est.) 1.25% (2005 est.)
Macau 0.93 (2005 est.) 4.86 (2005 est.) NA 0.87% (2005 est.)
Macedonia 1.57 (2005 est.) -0.7 (2005 est.) less than 0.1% (2001 est.) 0.26% (2005 est.)
Madagascar 5.66 (2005 est.) 0 (2005 est.) 1.7% (2003 est.) 3.03% (2005 est.)
Malawi 5.98 (2005 est.) 0 (2005 est.) 14.2% (2003 est.) 2.06% (2005 est.)
Malaysia 3.07 (2005 est.) 0 (note L) 0.4% (2003 est.) 1.8% (2005 est.)
Maldives 5.02 (2005 est.) 0 (2005 est.) 0.1% (2001 est.) 2.82% (2005 est.)
Mali 6.5 (2005 est.) -0.33 (2005 est.) 1.9% (2003 est.) 2.74% (2005 est.)
Malta 1.5 (2005 est.) 2.06 (2005 est.) 0.2% (2001 est.) 0.42% (2005 est.)
Man, Isle of 1.65 (2005 est.) 5.33 (2005 est.) NA% 0.52% (2005 est.)
Marshall Islands 3.93 (2005 est.) -5.91 (2005 est.) NA 2.27% (2005 est.)
Martinique 1.79 (2005 est.) -0.04 (2005 est.) NA% 0.76% (2005 est.)
Mauritania 5.94 (2005 est.) 0 (2005 est.) 0.6% (2003 est.) 2.9% (2005 est.)
Mauritius 1.96 (2005 est.) -0.41 (2005 est.) 0.1% (2001 est.) 0.84% (2005 est.)
Mayotte 5.89 (2005 est.) 5.62 (2005 est.) NA% 3.93% (2005 est.)
Mexico 2.45 (2005 est.) -4.57 (2005 est.) 0.3% (2003 est.) 1.17% (2005 est.)
Micronesia, Federated States of 3.25 (2005 est.) -21.01 (2005 est.) NA -0.08% (2005 est.)
Moldova 1.81 (2005 est.) -0.25 (2005 est.) 0.2% (2001 est.) 0.22% (2005 est.)
Monaco 1.76 (2005 est.) 7.71 (2005 est.) NA% 0.43% (2005 est.)
Mongolia 2.26 (2005 est.) 0 (2005 est.) less than 0.1% (2003 est.) 1.45% (2005 est.)
Montserrat 1.78 (2005 est.) 0 (2005 est.) NA 1.04% (2005 est.)
Morocco 2.73 (2005 est.) -0.92 (2005 est.) 0.1% (2001 est.) 1.57% (2005 est.)
Mozambique 4.7 (2005 est.) 0 (2005 est.) 12.2% (2003 est.) 1.48% (2005 est.)
Namibia 3.18 (2005 est.) 0.52 (2005 est.) 21.3% (2003 est.) 0.73% (2005 est.)
Nauru 3.19 (2005 est.) 0 (2005 est.) NA 1.83% (2005 est.)
Nepal 4.19 (2005 est.) 0 (2005 est.) 0.5% (2001 est.) 2.2% (2005 est.)
Netherlands 1.66 (2005 est.) 2.8 (2005 est.) 0.2% (2001 est.) 0.53% (2005 est.)
Netherlands Antilles 2 (2005 est.) -0.4 (2005 est.) NA 0.82% (2005 est.)
New Caledonia 2.31 (2005 est.) 0 (2005 est.) NA% 1.28% (2005 est.)
New Zealand 1.79 (2005 est.) 3.83 (2005 est.) 0.1% (2003 est.) 1.02% (2005 est.)
Nicaragua 2.81 (2005 est.) -1.19 (2005 est.) 0.2% (2003 est.) 1.92% (2005 est.)
Niger 6.75 (2005 est.) -0.65 (2005 est.) 1.2% (2003 est.) 2.63% (2005 est.)
Nigeria 5.53 (2005 est.) 0.27 (2005 est.) 5.4% (2003 est.) 2.37% (2005 est.)
Niue NA NA migrant(s)/1,000 population NA 0% (2005 est.)
Norfolk Island NA NA NA -0.01% (2005 est.)
Northern Mariana Islands 1.27 (2005 est.) 8.92 (2005 est.) NA 2.61% (2005 est.)
Norway 1.78 (2005 est.) 1.73 (2005 est.) 0.1% (2001 est.) 0.4% (2005 est.)
Oman 5.84 (2005 est.) 0.31 (2005 est.) 0.1% (2001 est.) 3.32% (2005 est.)
Pakistan 4.14 (2005 est.) -1.67 (2005 est.) 0.1% (2001 est.) 2.03% (2005 est.)
Palau 2.46 (2005 est.) 2.36 (2005 est.) NA 1.39% (2005 est.)
Panama 2.45 (2005 est.) -0.86 (2005 est.) 0.9% (2003 est.) 1.26% (2005 est.)
Papua New Guinea 3.96 (2005 est.) 0 (2005 est.) 0.6% (2003 est.) 2.26% (2005 est.)
Paraguay 3.93 (2005 est.) -0.08 (2005 est.) 0.5% (2003 est.) 2.48% (2005 est.)
Peru 2.56 (2005 est.) -1.03 (2005 est.) 0.5% (2003 est.) 1.36% (2005 est.)
Philippines 3.16 (2005 est.) -1.49 (2005 est.) less than 0.1% (2003 est.) 1.84% (2005 est.)
Pitcairn Islands NA NA NA -0.01% (2005 est.)
Poland 1.39 (2005 est.) -0.49 (2005 est.) 0.1%(2001 est.) 0.03% (2005 est.)
Portugal 1.47 (2005 est.) 3.49 (2005 est.) 0.4% (2001 est.) 0.39% (2005 est.)
Puerto Rico 1.91 (2005 est.) -1.38 (2005 est.) NA 0.47% (2005 est.)
Qatar 2.87 (2005 est.) 15.17 (2005 est.) 0.09% (2001 est.) 2.61% (2005 est.)
Reunion 2.47 (2005 est.) 0 (2005 est.) NA% 1.38% (2005 est.)
Romania 1.36 (2005 est.) -0.13 (2005 est.) less than 0.1% (2001 est.) -0.12% (2005 est.)
Russia 1.27 (2005 est.) 1.03 (2005 est.) 1.1% (2001 est.) -0.37% (2005 est.)
Rwanda 5.49 (2005 est.) 0 (2005 est.) 5.1% (2003 est.) 2.43% (2005 est.)
Saint Helena 1.54 (2005 est.) 0 (2005 est.) NA 0.59% (2005 est.)
Saint Kitts and Nevis 2.33 (2005 est.) -5.9 (2005 est.) NA 0.38% (2005 est.)
Saint Lucia 2.21 (2005 est.) -2.19 (2005 est.) NA 1.28% (2005 est.)
Saint Pierre and Miquelon 2.03 (2005 est.) -4.99 (2005 est.) NA% 0.21% (2005 est.)
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 1.85 (2005 est.) -7.61 (2005 est.) NA 0.27% (2005 est.)
Samoa 3.01 (2005 est.) -11.73 (2005 est.) NA -0.23% (2005 est.)
San Marino 1.33 (2005 est.) 10.84 (2005 est.) NA% 1.3% (2005 est.)
Sao Tome and Principe 5.71 (2005 est.) -2.51 (2005 est.) NA 3.16% (2005 est.)
Saudi Arabia 4.05 (2005 est.) -3.85 (2005 est.) 0.01% (2001 est.) 2.31% (2005 est.)
Senegal 4.75 (2005 est.) 0.2 (2005 est.) 0.8% (2003 est.) 2.48% (2005 est.)
Serbia and Montenegro 1.67 (2005 est.) -1.3 (2005 est.) 0.2% (2001 est.) 0.03% (2005 est.)
Seychelles 1.75 (2005 est.) -5.54 (2005 est.) NA 0.43% (2005 est.)
Sierra Leone 5.72 (2005 est.) 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population 7% (2001 est.) 2.22% (2005 est.)
Singapore 1.05 (2005 est.) 10.3 (2005 est.) 0.2% (2003 est.) 1.56% (2005 est.)
Slovakia 1.32 (2005 est.) 0.3 (2005 est.) less than 0.1% (2001 est.) 0.15% (2005 est.)
Slovenia 1.24 (2005 est.) 1 (2005 est.) less than 0.1% (2001 est.) -0.03% (2005 est.)
Solomon Islands 4.04 (2005 est.) 0 (2005 est.) NA 2.68% (2005 est.)
Somalia 6.84 (2005 est.) 5.19 (2005 est.) 1% (2001 est.) 3.38% (2005 est.)
South Africa 2.24 (2005 est.) -0.22 (2005 est.) 21.5% (2003 est.) -0.31% (2005 est.)
Spain 1.28 (2005 est.) 0.99 (2005 est.) 0.7% (2001 est.) 0.15% (2005 est.)
Sri Lanka 1.85 (2005 est.) -1.27 (2005 est.) less than 0.1% (2001 est.) 0.79% (2005 est.)
Sudan 4.85 (2005 est.) -0.02 (2005 est.) 2.3% (2001 est.) 2.6% (2005 est.)
Suriname 2.34 (2005 est.) -8.78 (2005 est.) 1.7% (2001 est.) 0.25% (2005 est.)
Svalbard Not available NA migrant(s)/1,000 population 0% (2001) -0.02% (2005 est.)
Swaziland 3.7 (2005 est.) 0 (2005 est.) 38.8% (2003 est.) 0.25% (2005 est.)
Sweden 1.66 (2005 est.) 1.67 (2005 est.) 0.1% (2001 est.) 0.17% (2005 est.)
Switzerland 1.42 (2005 est.) 3.58 (2005 est.) 0.4% (2001 est.) 0.49% (2005 est.)
Syria 3.5 (2005 est.) 0 (2005 est.) less than 0.1% (2001 est.) 2.34% (2005 est.)
Taiwan 1.57 (2005 est.) 0 (2005 est.) NA 0.63% (2005 est.)
Tajikistan 4.05 (2005 est.) -2.67 (2005 est.) less than 0.1% (2001 est.) 2.15% (2005 est.)
Tanzania 5.06 (2005 est.) -3.11 (2005 est.) 8.8% (2003 est.) 1.83% (2005 est.)
Thailand 1.88 (2005 est.) 0 (2005 est.) 1.5% (2003 est.) 0.87% (2005 est.)
Togo 4.61 (2005 est.) 0 (2005 est.) 4.1% (2003 est.) 2.17% (2005 est.)
Tokelau NA NA NA -0.01% (2005 est.)
Tonga 3 (2005 est.) 0 (2005 est.) NA 1.98% (2005 est.)
Trinidad and Tobago 1.75 (2005 est.) -10.87 (2005 est.) 3.2% (2003 est.) -0.74% (2005 est.)
Tunisia 1.75 (2005 est.) -0.54 (2005 est.) less than 0.1% (2005 est.) 0.99% (2005 est.)
Turkey 1.94 (2005 est.) 0 (2005 est.) less than 0.1%(2001 est.) 1.09% (2005 est.)
Turkmenistan 3.41 (2005 est.) -0.81 (2005 est.) less than 0.1% (2004 est.) 1.81% (2005 est.)
Turks and Caicos Islands 3.08 (2005 est.) 11.09 (2005 est.) NA 2.9% (2005 est.)
Tuvalu 3 (2005 est.) 0 (2005 est.) NA 1.47% (2005 est.)
Uganda 6.74 (2005 est.) -1.49 (note: A) 4.1% (2003 est.) 3.31% (2005 est.)
Ukraine 1.4 (2005 est.) -0.38 (2005 est.) 1.4% (2003 est.) -0.63% (2005 est.)
United Arab Emirates 2.94 (2005 est.) 0.84 (2005 est.) 0.18% (2001 est.) 1.54% (2005 est.)
United Kingdom 1.66 (2005 est.) 2.18 (2005 est.) 0.2% (2001 est.) 0.28% (2005 est.)
United States 2.08 (2005 est.) 3.31 (2005 est.) 0.6% (2003 est.) 0.92% (2005 est.)
Uruguay 1.91 (2005 est.) -0.28 (2005 est.) 0.3% (2001 est.) 0.47% (2005 est.)
Uzbekistan 2.94 (2005 est.) -1.61 (2005 est.) less than 0.1% (2001 est.) 1.67% (2005 est.)
Vanuatu 2.77 (2005 est.) 0 (2005 est.) NA 1.52% (2005 est.)
Venezuela 2.26 (2005 est.) 0 (2005 est.) 0.7%(2001 est.) 1.4% (2005 est.)
Vietnam 1.94 (2005 est.) -0.43 (2005 est.) 0.4% (2003 est.) 1.04% (2005 est.)
Virgin Islands 2.19 (2005 est.) -8.64 (2005 est.) NA -0.07% (2005 est.)
Wallis and Futuna Not available NA (note: B) NA% NA%
West Bank 4.4 (2005 est.) 2.88 (2005 est.) NA 3.13% (2005 est.)
Western Sahara Not available NA NA
World 2.6 (2005 est.) NA% 1.14% (2005 est.)
Yemen 6.67 (2005 est.) 0 (2005 est.) 0.1% (2001 est.) 3.45% (2005 est.)
Zambia 5.47 (2005 est.) 0 (2005 est.) 16.5% (2003 est.) 2.12% (2005 est.)
Zimbabwe 3.54 (2005 est.) 0 (note: C) 24.6% (2001 est.) 0.51% (2005 est.)

(A) note: according to the UNHCR, by the end of 2001, Uganda was host to 178,815 refugees from a number of neighboring countries, including: Sudan 155,996, Rwanda 14,375, and Democratic Republic of the Congo 7,459 (2005 est.)
(B) note: there has been steady emigration from Wallis and Futuna to New Caledonia (2005 est.)
(C) note: there is an increasing flow of Zimbabweans into South Africa and Botswana in search of better economic opportunities (2005 est.)
(D) note: refugees currently in surrounding countries are slowly returning (2005 est.)
(E) note: major destination for Cubans trying to migrate to the US (2005 est.)
(F) note: fighting between the Congolese Government and Uganda- and Rwanda-backed Congolese rebels spawned a regional war in DROC in August 1998, which left 1.8 million Congolese internally displaced and caused 300,000 Congolese refugees to flee to surrounding countries (2005 est.)
(G) note: UNHCR began repatriating about 150,000 Eritrean refugees from Sudan in 2001 following the restoration of diplomatic relations between the two countries in 2000 (2005 est.)
(H) note: repatriation of Ethiopians who fled to Sudan for refuge from war and famine in earlier years is expected to continue for several years; some Sudanese and Somali refugees, who fled to Ethiopia from the fighting or famine in their own countries, continue to return to their homes (2005 est.)
(I) note: as a result of conflict in neighboring countries, Guinea is host to approximately 150,000 Liberian and Sierra Leonean refugees (2005 est.)
(J) note: according to UNHCR, by the end of 2001 Kenya was host to 220,000 refugees from neighboring countries, including: Somalia 145,000 and Sudan 68,000 (2005 est.)
(K) note: at least 200,000 Liberian refugees are in surrounding countries; the uncertain security situation has hindered their ability to return (2005 est.)
(L) note: does not reflect net flow of an unknown number of illegal immigrants from other countries in the region (2005 est.)

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