tag:news.mongabay.com,2005:/xml/water1water news from mongabay.com2011-12-22T17:42:42Ztag:news.mongabay.com,2005:Article/88892011-12-22T16:31:00Z2011-12-22T17:42:42ZTop 10 Environmental Stories of 2011<table align="left"><tr><td><img src="http://photos.mongabay.com/j/Sunny_Skies_over_the_Arctic_in_Late_June_2010.NASA.150.jpg" align="left"/></td></tr></table>Many of 2011's most dramatic stories on environmental issues came from people taking to the streets. With governments and corporations slow to tackle massive environmental problems, people have begun to assert themselves. Victories were seen on four continents: in Bolivia a draconian response to protestors embarrassed the government, causing them to drop plans to build a road through Tipnis, an indigenous Amazonian reserve; in Myanmar, a nation not known for bowing to public demands, large protests pushed the government to cancel a massive Chinese hydroelectric project; in Borneo a three-year struggle to stop the construction of a coal plant on the coast of the Coral Triangle ended in victory for activists; in Britain plans to privatize forests created such a public outcry that the government not only pulled back but also apologized; and in the U.S. civil disobedience and massive marches pressured the Obama Administration to delay a decision on the controversial Keystone XL pipeline, which would bring tar sands from Canada to a global market.Jeremy Hancetag:news.mongabay.com,2005:Article/88342011-12-12T03:32:00Z2011-12-12T03:37:07ZThe Atlas of Climate Change: Mapping the World’s Greatest Challenge – a book reviewThe Atlas of Climate Change: Mapping the World’s Greatest Challenge presents in clear and concise visual form the impacts and effects, solutions and mitigation actions surrounding climate change - which is our greatest global challenge. Jeremy Hancetag:news.mongabay.com,2005:Article/87762011-12-01T22:59:00Z2011-12-01T23:13:33ZAfrica, China call out Canada for climate betrayal<table align="left"><tr><td><img src="http://photos.mongabay.com/j/canada.symbol.150.jpg" align="left"/></td></tr></table>Purchasing a full page ad in the Canadian paper the Globe and Mail, a group of African leaders and NGOs is calling on Canada to return to the fold on climate change. Canada has recently all-but-confirmed that after the ongoing 17th UN Summit on Climate Change in Durban, South Africa, it will withdraw entirely from the Kyoto Treaty. The country has missed its targets by a long-shot, in part due to the exploitation of its tar sands for oil, and is increasingly viewed at climate conferences as intractable and obstructive. In the eyes of those concerned about climate change, Canada has gone from hero to villain. Yet notable African activists, including Archbishop Desmond Tutu, are pushing back.Jeremy Hancetag:news.mongabay.com,2005:Article/87602011-11-29T19:17:00Z2011-11-29T19:17:22ZThousands protest giant gold mine in Peru's mountainsFearing water contamination and pollution, over ten thousand people in Cajamarca, Peru are taking part in protests against mining plans by US-company Newmont Mining Corporation. In its sixth day, the growing protests have caused flights in and out of Cajamarca to be cancelled. According to Reuters, police also clashed with protestors today, injuring two dozen. Jeremy Hancetag:news.mongabay.com,2005:Article/86522011-11-07T22:48:00Z2011-11-07T23:00:40ZPeruvian authorities raid illegal gold mining operationsPeru's Defense Ministry destroyed at least 75 illegal dredges and seized 15 vehicles from gold miners operating illegally in one of the most biodiverse parts of the Amazon rainforest.Rhett Butlertag:news.mongabay.com,2005:Article/86152011-10-31T00:05:00Z2011-11-01T00:45:16Z11 challenges facing 7 billion super-consumers<table align="left"><tr><td><img src="http://mongabay.s3.amazonaws.com/madagascar/150/madagascar_5995.jpg" align="left"/></td></tr></table>Perhaps the most disconcerting thing about Halloween this year is not the ghouls and goblins taking to the streets, but a baby born somewhere in the world. It's not the baby's or the parent's fault, of course, but this child will become a part of an artificial, but still important, milestone: according to the UN, the Earth's seventh billionth person will be born today. That's seven billion people who require, in the very least, freshwater, food, shelter, medicine, and education. In some parts of the world, they will also have a car, an iPod, a suburban house and yard, pets, computers, a lawn-mower, a microwave, and perhaps a swimming pool. Though rarely addressed directly in policy (and more often than not avoided in polite conversations), the issue of overpopulation is central to environmentally sustainability and human welfare. Jeremy Hancetag:news.mongabay.com,2005:Article/85412011-10-11T18:45:00Z2011-10-11T18:45:13ZMeat consumption jumps 20 percent in last decade with super-sized environmental impacts<table align="left"><tr><td><img src="http://travel.mongabay.com/brazil/150/brazil_1261.jpg" align="left"/></td></tr></table>Meat consumption and production remains on the rise, according to a new report Worldwatch Institute, with large-scale environmental impacts especially linked to the spread of factory farming. According to the report, global meat production has tripled since 1970, and jumped by 20 percent since 2000 with consumption rising significantly faster than global population. Jeremy Hancetag:news.mongabay.com,2005:Article/84372011-09-26T17:59:00Z2011-09-26T19:14:50ZPanama canal drives forest conservation, offers insight on value of ecosystems<table align="left"><tr><td><img src="http://s3.amazonaws.com/mongabay/panama/150/panama_0007.jpg" align="left"/></td></tr></table>As demonstrated by growing enthusiasm for conserving forests and the rise of the Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation (REDD+) program, the public is increasingly aware of the role forests play in delivering ecosystems services — like clean air and water — that benefit mankind. Yet, science still lags conventional wisdom — researchers have yet to fully quantify much of what healthy forests provide. Bridging this gap is key to unlocking the full value of protecting and restoring tropical forests. The ambitious Agua Salud Project in Panama is attempting to do just that. Rhett Butlertag:news.mongabay.com,2005:Article/84092011-09-19T17:30:00Z2011-09-19T17:37:16ZConverting rainforest to cropland in Africa reduces rainfallConverting West African rainforests into cropland reduces rainforest in adjacent forest areas, reports research published in <i>Geophysical Research Letters</i>.
Rhett Butlertag:news.mongabay.com,2005:Article/83662011-09-06T14:42:00Z2011-09-06T15:11:02ZClimate test for Obama: 1,252 people arrested over notorious oil pipeline<table align="left"><tr><td><img src="http://photos.mongabay.com/j/tarsands.protest.1.150.jpg" align="left"/></td></tr></table>Two weeks of climate disobedience at the White House ended over the weekend with 1,252 people arrested in total. Activists were protesting the controversial Keystone XL pipeline in an effort to pressure US President Barack Obama to turn down the project. If built the pipeline would bring oil from Alberta's tar sands through six US states down to Texas refineries. While protestors fear pollution from potential spills, especially in the Ogallala Aquifer which supplies water to millions, the major fight behind the pipeline is climate change: Canada's tar sands emit significantly more carbon than conventional sources of oil. Jeremy Hancetag:news.mongabay.com,2005:Article/83402011-08-30T00:46:00Z2011-09-06T13:20:40ZWorld on the Edge: How to Prevent Environmental and Economic Collapse World on the Edge: How to Prevent Environmental and Economic Collapse clearly describes in terms of national and social security how the looming current threat to our collective global future is not from catastrophic war as many describe in hindsight the 20th Century, rather from cataclysmic climate change, biodiversity loss, and water degradation. Jeremy Hancetag:news.mongabay.com,2005:Article/82562011-08-08T00:05:00Z2011-08-08T00:12:12ZOil horror in Nigeria: 30 years, one billion dollars to clean-upFifty years of oil spills in Nigeria's now infamous Ogoniland region will take up to three decades and over a billion dollars ($1 billion for just the first five years) to restore environments to healthy conditions, according to a new independent report by the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP). The most thorough study to date has found that widespread pollution has hit the Niger Delta even harder than assumed with devastating impacts on fishing grounds and community health. Last week Shell, one of the biggest operators in Nigeria, admitted to two massive oil spills in 2008 totaling 11 million gallons of crude.Jeremy Hancetag:news.mongabay.com,2005:Article/79792011-06-06T18:31:00Z2011-09-06T13:39:58ZEcosystem Goods and Services from Plantation ForestsGiven that plantations cover 140 million hectares, or 4% of the global forested area, and are a growing source of round wood and pulp, Ecosystem Goods and Services from Plantation Forests is very well timed edited value that can add value to the discussion and implementation of sustainable forest management within a carbon constrained and biodiversity depleted global economic system.Jeremy Hancetag:news.mongabay.com,2005:Article/77762011-04-22T03:26:00Z2011-05-01T18:42:13ZWhat does Nature give us? A special Earth Day article<table align="left"><tr><td><img src="http://photos.mongabay.com/j/sumatra_0556.150.jpg" align="left"/></td></tr></table>There is no question that Earth has been a giving planet. Everything humans have needed to survive, and thrive, was provided by the natural world around us: food, water, medicine, materials for shelter, and even natural cycles such as climate and nutrients. Scientists have come to term such gifts 'ecosystem services', however the recognition of such services goes back thousands of years, and perhaps even farther if one accepts the caves paintings at Lascaux as evidence. Yet we have so disconnected ourselves from the natural world that it is easy—and often convenient—to forget that nature remains as giving as ever, even as it vanishes bit-by-bit. The rise of technology and industry may have distanced us superficially from nature, but it has not changed our reliance on the natural world: most of what we use and consume on a daily basis remains the product of multitudes of interactions within nature, and many of those interactions are imperiled. Beyond such physical goods, the natural world provides less tangible, but just as important, gifts in terms of beauty, art, and spirituality.Jeremy Hancetag:news.mongabay.com,2005:Article/77362011-04-13T02:43:00Z2011-04-13T02:49:45ZGas from 'fracking' not climate friendlyIt appears every time a fossil fuels industry claims its energy is 'green' or 'climate-friendly', scientists discover this just isn't so. The most recent culprit is natural gas produced by an already controversial method known as hydraulic fracturing, or fracing, which extracts the gas from shale basins. A new study in Climatic Change has found that the process of fracing is worse than coal over a 20-year period and about equal over 100-years. Coal had long been considered the worst climate offender of all energy options. Jeremy Hancetag:news.mongabay.com,2005:Article/77072011-04-07T18:46:00Z2011-04-07T18:59:03ZMore biodiversity equals cleaner water, but why? A new landmark study not only proves that adding more species to a freshwater stream linearly increases the ecosystem's ability to clean pollutants, but also shows why. The study, published in Nature found that by increasing the biodiversity of a lab controlled mini-stream from one algae species to eight caused the ecosystem to soak up nitrate pollution 4.5 times faster on average. To conduct the experiment, researchers used plastic to create 150 mini model streams. Molding the plastic, they recreated real stream-like habitats such as pools, runs, and eddies. Different species of algae gravitated toward particular mini-habitats, creating special ecological niches and allowing more of the stream to be utilized by the algae for soaking up the nitrate pollution. Less utilization of the available habitats resulted in a dirtier river and vice-versa. Jeremy Hancetag:news.mongabay.com,2005:Article/76662011-03-30T20:22:00Z2011-03-30T20:25:33Z'Huge reduction' of water from plants due to higher carbon levelsAs if ocean acidification and a warming world weren't enough, researchers have outlined another way in which carbon emissions are impacting the planet. A new study shows that higher carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere have taken a toll on how much water vapor plants release, potentially impacting the rainfall and groundwater sources. A study in the <i>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences</i> (PNAS) has found that carbon dioxide levels over the past 150 years has reduced plants' spores, called stomata, by over one third (34%). This is important because stomata take in oxygen and carbon dioxide and release water vapor in a process dubbed 'transpiration'. Less stomata means less water driven into the atmosphere. Jeremy Hancetag:news.mongabay.com,2005:Article/76542011-03-28T16:53:00Z2011-09-06T13:40:42ZEnvironmental sustainability—the new economic bottom lineThat’s the message in <i>Accounting for Sustainability: Practical Insights</i>. The book represents the compilation of a five-year project—nicknamed “A4S”—sponsored by Prince Charles, Prince of Wales, that examined the feasibility of factoring industries’ impact on the environment into their economic spread sheets. Using case studies and interviews with leaders at major accounting firms, Accounting For Sustainability documents the bond between capitalism and environmental capital. Jeremy Hancetag:news.mongabay.com,2005:Article/76322011-03-24T17:50:00Z2011-03-24T17:51:41ZNew organization seeks to make biofuels sustainable, but is it possible?Not too long ago policy-makers, scientists, and environmentalists saw biofuels as a significant tool to provide sustainable energy to the world. However, as it became clear that biofuels were not only connected to deforestation, pollution, and greenhouse gas emissions (sometimes exceeding fossil fuels), but also competed with the global food supply and water sources, biofuels no longer seemed like a silver bullet, but a new problem facing the environment and the poor. Still, biofuels have persisted not so much due to perceived environmental benefits, but to entrenched interests by the big agricultural industry, lobbyists, and governments. However, the Roundtable on Sustainable Biofuels (RSB) hopes to begin certifying environmentally friendly biofuels that don't compete with food production or water sources.
Jeremy Hancetag:news.mongabay.com,2005:Article/76132011-03-21T00:41:00Z2011-03-21T00:44:27ZWant water? save forestsThe UN-backed Collaborative Partnership on Forests (CPF) is urging nations to conserve their forests in a bid to mitigate rising water scarcity problem.Jeremy Hancetag:news.mongabay.com,2005:Article/75422011-03-08T20:51:00Z2011-03-08T20:53:14ZRich plant diversity leads to increased productivity, ecosystem servicesA new study finds that diversity of plant species matters—big time. Analyzing nearly 600 research studies, the meta-study in the <i>American Journal of Botany</i> found that productivity in biodiverse plant ecosystems was 1.5 times higher than in monocultures. In other words, a prairie is more productive than a cornfield and forest more productive than a rubber plantation. The researchers warn that eroding plant diversity threatens essential ecosystems services such as food, water purification, oxygen production, carbon sequestration, and the availability of raw materials. Jeremy Hancetag:news.mongabay.com,2005:Article/75312011-03-06T22:45:00Z2011-03-06T22:49:09ZGreen jeans: big companies start sustainable clothing initiative Ever wonder how 'green' one pair of shoes was over another? Or how much energy, water, and chemicals went into making your pair of jeans? A new effort by over 32 companies, environmental organizations, and social watchdogs may soon allow shoppers to compare not only price and appeal, but sustainability too. Jeremy Hancetag:news.mongabay.com,2005:Article/75232011-03-06T13:44:00Z2011-03-06T13:47:47ZDenver puts water fees toward forest conservationLike many cities around the world, Denver gets its drinking water from rivers and reservoirs, which in turn get their water from forests. Many of those forests, however, are in trouble – thanks to funding cuts, climate change, and a horde of opportunistic beetles. That puts the city's water supply at risk as well, so Denver teamed up with the U.S. Forest Service to funnel money it collects from water fees into forest restoration. And it's not the only city to do so.Rhett Butlertag:news.mongabay.com,2005:Article/75172011-03-04T01:58:00Z2011-03-04T05:29:48ZProtecting forests can cut water filtration costsClean water doesn’t come cheap. Communities and businesses often rely on expensive water filtration infrastructure to ensure their clean water supplies. But communities around the world have been protecting upstream forests instead of building new, costly water treatment infrastructure. Can this strategy work in the US south?Rhett Butlertag:news.mongabay.com,2005:Article/75132011-03-03T14:30:00Z2011-03-03T14:44:58ZReport: 90 oil spills in Peruvian Amazon over 3 years <table align="left"><tr><td><img src="http://photos.mongabay.com/j/90spills.1.150.jpg" align="left"/></td></tr></table>A new report has uncovered 90 oil spills by Pluspetrol in northern Peru's Amazon rainforest over the past 3 years. Covering two oil blocs—1-AB and 8—the report, complied by the Federation of Indigenous Communities of the Corrientes River (FECONACO), recorded 18 major oil spills in just the last year. "A week after the landmark ruling against Chevron in Ecuador for $9 billion of
damage from operations in the 1970's and 80's, this new report highlights
the ongoing devastation caused by the oil industry on the fragile Amazon
ecosystem and the people that live there," said Atossa Soltani, Executive
Director at Amazon Watch, in a press release.Jeremy Hancetag:news.mongabay.com,2005:Article/74722011-02-21T22:33:00Z2011-02-21T22:35:17Z2% GDP could turn global economy greenInvesting around $1.3 trillion, which represents about 2% of the world's gross domestic product (GDP), into ten sectors could move the world economy from fossil-fuel dependent toward a low carbon economy, according to report by the UN Environment Program (UNEP). In addition, the investments would alleviate global poverty and keep stagnating economies humming, while cutting humanity's global ecological footprint nearly in half by 2050 even in the face of rising populations. Jeremy Hancetag:news.mongabay.com,2005:Article/74332011-02-11T01:11:00Z2011-02-11T01:18:43ZCan 'water footprinting' help cut the 500 liters of H2O needed to produce a carton of OJ?Carbon trading promotes good behavior by creating a standardized currency representing a verifiable environmental benefit. Payments for watershed services do the same for cutbacks in water pollution, albeit on a smaller scale. Now, the Nature Conservancy and the Coca-Cola Company are experimenting with a new method of “water footprinting” that could do the same for total water use – a key component in the development of a market-based scheme that would promote responsible water usage.Rhett Butlertag:news.mongabay.com,2005:Article/73862011-02-02T19:44:00Z2011-02-08T18:06:19ZFrom Cambodia to California: the world's top 10 most threatened forests<table align="left"><tr><td><img src="http://photos.mongabay.com/j/10forests.150.jpg" align="left"/></td></tr></table>Growing populations, expanding agriculture, commodities such as palm oil and paper, logging, urban sprawl, mining, and other human impacts have pushed many of the world's great forests to the brink. Yet scientists, environmentalists, and even some policymakers increasingly warn that forests are worth more standing than felled. They argue that by safeguarding vulnerable biodiversity, sequestering carbon, controlling erosion, and providing fresh water, forests provide services to humanity, not to mention the unquantifiable importance of having wild places in an increasingly human-modified world. Still, the decline of the world's forests continues: the FAO estimating that around 10 million hectares of tropical forest are lost every year. Of course, some of these forests are more imperiled than others, and a new analysis by Conservation International (CI) has catalogued the world's 10 most threatened forests. Jeremy Hancetag:news.mongabay.com,2005:Article/73702011-01-31T17:30:00Z2011-06-14T16:34:10Z'Land grab' fears in Africa legitimate <table align="left"><tr><td><img src="http://photos.mongabay.com/j/madagascar_4738.150.jpg" align="left"/></td></tr></table>A new report by the International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED) has found that recent large-scale land deals in Africa are likely to provide scant benefit to some of the world's poorest and most famine-prone nations and will probably create new social and environmental problems. Analyzing 12 recent land leasing contracts investigators found a number of concerns, including contracts that are only a few pages long, exclusion of local people, and in one case actually giving land away for free. Many of the contracts last for 100 years, threatening to separate local communities from the land they live on indefinitely. "Most contracts for large-scale land deals in Africa are negotiated in secret," explains report author Lorenzo Cotula in a press release. "Only rarely do local landholders have a say in those negotiations and few contracts are publicly available after they have been signed."Jeremy Hancetag:news.mongabay.com,2005:Article/72892011-01-23T23:01:00Z2011-01-24T00:25:23ZMarathon swimmer: an interview with the first man to swim the length of the Amazon<table align="left"><tr><td><img src="http://photos.mongabay.com/11/0123strel_flag150.jpg" align="left"/></td></tr></table>Explorers have been making their way down the world's mightiest river for hundreds of years. Untold numbers of people have not completed the journey, drowning in its murky waters, being eaten by animals, losing their way, succumbing to tropical disease, being killed by pirates or hostile local populations. But today a trip down the Amazon is less special—it has even been rafted and kayaked by a few intrepid souls. Traversing the majority of the Amazon can be done easily by commercial boat, provided you have the time and a lot of patience. But then in 2007 a Slovenian did something amazing: he swam the entire length of the river. The adventure took 66 days and exacted a heavy physical and mental toll, but Martin Strel survived and in so doing conveyed a simple, but powerful message to the world: we are part of the our environment.Rhett Butlertag:news.mongabay.com,2005:Article/69112010-10-15T13:37:00Z2010-10-15T14:14:06ZGroundbreaking research shows that rainforests and coral reefs create rainfall #BAD10Coral reefs and rainforests seem to have little in common beyond the fact that they are both hotspots of diversity, yet groundbreaking research is showing how these different ecosystems—when intact—may actually seed clouds and produce rainfall.
Rhett Butlertag:news.mongabay.com,2005:Article/69042010-10-13T17:23:00Z2010-10-13T18:13:14ZHumanity consuming the Earth: by 2030 we'll need two planets<table align="left"><tr><td><img src="http://photos.mongabay.com/j/minnesota_021.thumb.jpg " align="left"/></td></tr></table>Too many people consuming too much is depleting the world's natural resources faster than they are replenished, imperiling not only the world's species but risking the well-being of human societies, according to a new massive study by the World Wildlife Fund (WWF), entitled the Living Planet Report. The report finds that humanity is currently consuming the equivalent of 1.5 planet Earths every year for its activities. This overconsumption has caused biodiversity—in this case, representative populations of vertebrate animals—to fall by 30 percent worldwide since 1970. The situation is more dire in tropical regions where terrestrial species' populations have fallen by 60 percent and freshwater species by 70 percent. Jeremy Hancetag:news.mongabay.com,2005:Article/68992010-10-12T16:37:00Z2010-10-12T17:03:31ZFarms in the sky, an interview with Dickson Despommier<table align="left"><tr><td><img src="http://travel.mongabay.com/china/150/china_103-6990.JPG" align="left"/></td></tr></table>To solve today's environmental crises—climate change, deforestation, mass extinction, and marine degradation—while feeding a growing population (on its way to 9 billion) will require not only thinking outside the box, but a "new box altogether" according to Dr. Dickson Despommier, author of the new book, The Vertical Farm. Exciting policy-makers and environmentalists, Despommier's bold idea for skyscrapers devoted to agriculture is certainly thinking outside the box. Jeremy Hancetag:news.mongabay.com,2005:Article/68742010-10-07T16:08:00Z2010-10-07T20:11:19ZHungary suffers 'ecological tragedy' as aluminum mining sludge reaches Danube Toxic red sludge, a waste product of aluminum production, has reached Europe's Danube River after a spill at a Hungarian factory drowned four people and left over a hundred injured, many with chemical burns. The Hungarian Academy of Sciences says tests show that heavy metals in the Danube due to the spill are currently far from dangerous levels, however other rivers, villages, and farmlands have been devastated by the environmental disaster which released approximately a million cubic meters of sludge over 50 square kilometers. Jeremy Hancetag:news.mongabay.com,2005:Article/68412010-09-30T14:59:00Z2010-09-30T15:15:48ZThe true cost of the Commonwealth GamesUK newspapers have been flooded this week and last by reports of the Commonwealth Games' venue literally caving in and collapsing, athletes have deemed their village accommodation "filthy" and terrorists have apparently threatened attacks. Thanks to the late monsoon this year, floods are now a fear, and the Games' venue has been choked by a cloud of toxic insect repellent due to further fears of an outbreak of the potentially fatal dengue fever because of mosquitoes being drawn to the floods’ stagnant water.Jeremy Hancetag:news.mongabay.com,2005:Article/68332010-09-29T16:56:00Z2010-09-29T17:02:26ZRivers worldwide in peril: society treats symptoms, ignores causes<table align="left"><tr><td><img src="http://www.mongabay.com/images/grandcanyon/0617_colorado_1082-th.jpg" align="left"/></td></tr></table>Dams, agricultural runoff, pesticides, sewage, mercury pollution from coal plants, invasive species, overconsumption, irrigation, erosion from deforestation, wetland destruction, overfishing, aquaculture: it's clear that the world's rivers are facing a barrage of unprecedented impacts from humans, but just how bad is the situation? A new global analysis of the world's rivers is not comforting: the comprehensive report, published in <i>Nature</i>, finds that our waterways are in a deep crisis which bridges the gap between developing nations and the wealthy west. According to the study, while societies spend billions treating the symptoms of widespread river degradation, they are still failing to address the causes, imperiling both human populations and freshwater biodiversity. Jeremy Hancetag:news.mongabay.com,2005:Article/68222010-09-27T18:37:00Z2010-09-27T18:38:18ZUgandan forest being stripped for fuel wood A new study in the open access journal of <i>Tropical Conservation Science</i> finds that the Kasagala forest reserve in central Uganda is losing important tree species and suffering from low diversity of species. Researchers believe that forest degradation for charcoal and firewood has put heavy pressure on this ecosystem.Jeremy Hancetag:news.mongabay.com,2005:Article/68212010-09-27T17:29:00Z2010-09-27T17:33:46ZNearly half of the world's wetlands used for cropsWetlands used for crops have expanded significantly over the past eighty years. According to a new study in the open-access journal <i>Tropical Conservation Science</i>, wetlands being utilized for crop production has jumped from 25 percent in 1926 to 43 percent in 2006 of the world's wetlands as identified by the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands. Jeremy Hancetag:news.mongabay.com,2005:Article/67782010-09-20T16:39:00Z2010-10-31T18:00:39ZHow the overlooked peccary engineers the Amazon, an interview with Harald Beck <table align="left"><tr><td><img src="http://photos.mongabay.com/j/beck.150.jpg" align="left"/></td></tr></table>When people think of the Amazon rainforest, they likely think of roaring jaguars, jumping monkeys, marching ants, and squeezing anacondas. The humble peccary would hardly be among the first animals to cross their mind, if they even know such pig-like animals exists! Yet new research on the peccary is proving just how vital these species are to the world's greatest rainforest. As seed dispersers and seed destroyers, engineers of freshwater habitats and forest gaps, peccaries play an immense, long overlooked, role in the rainforest. "Peccaries have the highest density and biomass of any Neotropical mammal species. Obviously these fellows have quite an appetite for almost anything, but primarily they consume fruits and seeds. Their specialized jaws allow them to crush very hard seeds. The cracking sounds can be heard through the thick vegetation long before we could see them. As peccary herds bulldoze through the leaf litter in search for insects, frogs, seeds, and fruits, they destroy (i.e. snap and trample) many seedlings and saplings, sometimes leaving only the bare ground behind," Harald Beck, assistant professor at Towson University in Maryland, told mongabay.com in an interview. Jeremy Hancetag:news.mongabay.com,2005:Article/67442010-09-10T15:04:00Z2010-09-10T15:36:46ZPhotos: the world's most endangered turtlesMore than 40 percent of the world's freshwater turtle species are threatened with extinction, according to a new assessment by Conservation International. Turtles are threatened primarily by hunting, habitat destruction, and the pet trade, making them among the most endangered groups of animals.Rhett Butlertag:news.mongabay.com,2005:Article/67012010-09-02T19:18:00Z2010-09-02T19:29:32Z21% of Africa's freshwater plants and animals threatened21 percent of African freshwater plant and animal species are threatened with extinction, according to a five year assessment of 5,167 freshwater species by 200 scientists.Rhett Butlertag:news.mongabay.com,2005:Article/66722010-08-29T17:48:00Z2010-08-29T19:07:35ZA slow comeback for the endangered Eurasian otter in France <table align="left"><tr><td><img src="http://photos.mongabay.com/j/otter_southwold.thumb.jpg " align="left"/></td></tr></table>In the late 1970s, the fate of the Eurasian Otter (<i>Lutra lutra</i>) in France was very gloomy. By just looking at the otter's range map, one could see that most of the country was left with vast regions devoid of a species that was once found in every region. Estimations barely reached 1,500 otters left in the wild for the whole country. Today, 2,000 to 3,000 individuals are believed to room in creeks and rivers mostly in the Massif Central, the Atlantic side (Bretagne) and western area, in particular in the wetland of Poitevin. The upward trend in population size is good news and a step towards reconstituting sustainable populations, however, the overall population is still critically low. By contrast, in the early 1900s otters were quite abundant in France with over 50,000 wild animals.Jeremy Hancetag:news.mongabay.com,2005:Article/65992010-08-11T18:24:00Z2010-08-12T15:33:35ZNation's wealth does not guarantee green practices<table align="left"><tr><td><img src="http://photos.mongabay.com/j/singapore5396.thumb.jpg " align="left"/></td></tr></table>Developing countries are not the only ones that could benefit from a little environmental support. Wealthier countries may need to 'know themselves' and address these issues at home too. According to a recent study in the open access journal PLoS ONE, wealth may be the most important factor determining a country’s environmental impact. The team had originally planned to study "country-level environmental performance and human health issues," lead author Corey Bradshaw, Director of Ecological Modeling and professor at the University of Adelaide, told mongabay.com. Once they began looking at the available indexes, however, they saw the need for a purely environmental analysis.Jeremy Hancetag:news.mongabay.com,2005:Article/65932010-08-09T18:52:00Z2010-08-09T19:01:22ZPhotos: world's top ten 'lost frogs'<table align="left"><tr><td><img src="http://photos.mongabay.com/j/golden_toad.thumb.jpg " align="left"/></td></tr></table>The International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and Conservation International (CI) have sent teams of researchers to 14 countries on five continents to search for the world's lost frogs. These are amphibian species that have not been seen for years—in some cases even up to a century—but may still survive in the wild. Amphibians worldwide are currently undergoing an extinction crisis. While amphibians struggle to survive against habitat loss, climate change, pollution, and overexploitation, they are also being wiped out by a fungal disease known as chytridiomycosis.Jeremy Hancetag:news.mongabay.com,2005:Article/65922010-08-09T17:15:00Z2010-08-09T18:55:08ZScientists hunt for 'lost frogs' around the globe<table align="left"><tr><td><img src="http://photos.mongabay.com/j/atelopus_tricolor.thumb.jpg " align="left"/></td></tr></table>From now through October, teams of scientists will be scouring through leaf litters, in shallow pools, under rocks, and in tree trunks for the world's 'lost frogs'. Searching in 14 countries on five continents, the researchers are looking for some 100 species of frogs that have not been seen in decades and in some cases up to a century. While some of the species may well be extinct, researchers are holding out hope that they can find the ones that are still hanging on, albeit by a thread. Jeremy Hancetag:news.mongabay.com,2005:Article/65672010-08-02T22:03:00Z2010-08-29T15:07:34ZScientists condemn current development plan in Kalimantan<table align="left"><tr><td><img src="http://photos.mongabay.com/j/kali9829.thumb.JPG " align="left"/></td></tr></table>Scientists with the Association for Tropical Biology and Conservation (ATBC) have released a resolution opposing the current development plan for a road and bridge crossing Balikpapan Bay in the Indonesian state of Kalimantan. The resolution states that the plan threatens not only the fragile ecosystems within the bay, but of the nearby mangroves as well as the Sungai Wain forest and its watershed, vital for local industry and people. According to ATBC, the plan could be easily remedied by officials picking an alternate route, which is also favored by locals since it would be 80 kilometers shorter. Jeremy Hancetag:news.mongabay.com,2005:Article/62842010-06-15T21:42:00Z2010-06-15T21:51:00ZWildlife-rich river threatened by sand-dredging in BorneoThe Kinabatangan River in Malaysian Borneo is home to a fabulous wealth of species, including orangutans, proboscis monkeys, and a sizeable population of the world's smallest elephant, the Borneo pygmy elephant. While local politicians have stated numerous times that the ecology of the river will be protected, locals are reporting a number of legally sanctioned sang dredging operations on the river. Dredging can affect river flows, negatively impact wildlife, and release toxins from the sediments. Jeremy Hancetag:news.mongabay.com,2005:Article/60692010-05-10T20:21:00Z2010-05-11T03:57:18ZCollapsing biodiversity is a 'wake-up call for humanity' A joint report released today by the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and the UN Environment Program (UNEP) finds that our natural support systems are on the verge of collapsing unless radical changes are made to preserve the world's biodiversity. Executive Secretary of the Convention on Biological Diversity, Ahmed Djoghlaf, called the bleak report "a wake-up call for humanity."Jeremy Hancetag:news.mongabay.com,2005:Article/60252010-05-03T03:06:00Z2010-05-03T15:11:57ZCan markets protect nature?<table align="left"><tr><td><img src="http://photos.mongabay.com/10/0430michael_jenkins150.jpg" align="left"/></td></tr></table>Over the past 30 years billions of dollars has been committed to global conservation efforts, yet forests continue to fall, largely a consequence of economic drivers, including surging global demand for food and fuel. With consumption expected to far outstrip population growth due to rising affluence in developing countries, there would seem to be little hope of slowing tropical forest loss. But some observers see new reason for optimism—chiefly a new push to make forests more valuable as living entities than chopped down for the production of timber, animal feed, biofuels, and meat. While are innumerable reasons for protecting forests—including aesthetic, cultural, spiritual, and moral—most land use decisions boil down to economics. Therefore creating economic incentives to maintaining forests is key to saving them. Leading the effort to develop markets ecosystem services is Forest Trends, a Washington D.C.-based NGO that also organizes the Katoomba group, a forum that brings together a wide variety of forest stakeholders, including the private sector, local communities, indigenous people, policymakers, international development institutions, funders, conservationists, and activists.Rhett Butlertag:news.mongabay.com,2005:Article/59912010-04-22T02:59:00Z2011-06-16T17:01:55ZWorld failing on every environmental issue: an op-ed for Earth Day<table align="left"><tr><td><img src="http://photos.mongabay.com/j/madagascar_8006.thumbnail.jpg" align="left"/></td></tr></table>The biodiversity crisis, the climate crisis, the deforestation crisis: we are living in an age when environmental issues have moved from regional problems to global ones. A generation or two before ours and one might speak of saving the beauty of Northern California; conserving a single species—say the white rhino—from extinction; or preserving an ecological region like the Amazon. That was a different age. Today we speak of preserving world biodiversity, of saving the 'lungs of the planet', of mitigating <i>global</i> climate change. No longer are humans over-reaching in just one region, but we are overreaching the whole planet, stretching ecological systems to a breaking point. While we are aware of the issues that threaten the well-being of life on this planet, including our own, how are we progressing on solutions? Jeremy Hance